The diffusion of cardiovascular disease in the Norwegian farming community: A comnination of morbidity and mortality data

Aase, Asbjørn; Almås, Reidar

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(89)90060-9

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Also alarming was the fact that young people spend time in the mountains much more often than that seen in oncological patients, and are thereby considerably increase the risk of CM formation at older ages (extreme UV exposure in outdoor sports such as skiing and mountaineering is amplified by reflection from snow and ice-covered surfaces [31]). A plausible explanation for these alarming results is the social and economic changes associated with the lifestyle changes involved in the adoption of increased risk behaviour patterns [32,33], which is occurring earliest in younger individuals [34]. All of these facts have been confirmed by numerous studies which suggest that the younger generation is the most endangered population group, while at the same time, being the most resistant to preventive campaigns [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Czech Republic: The risks of sun exposure for adolescents

Vranová

Arenbergerová²,

Arenberger³

et al. 2012

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The Czech Republic reported one of the highest incidence rate in cutaneous melanoma (CM) in Europe and because this incidence has been increasing, mainly among young people, the main goal of our study was to establish sun exposure behavior risk factors for CM formation and to evaluate whether the young generation of Czechs is exposed to a higher risk of CM than the older generation. A questionnaire-based case-control study was conducted. We obtained 978 completed questionnaires: 216 from patients with CM and 762 from healthy respondents. The healthy individuals were further divided to adolescents (n = 460) and older respondents (n = 302). Three logistic regression models were developed: 1. patients with CM vs. healthy older respondents, 2. adolescents vs. healthy older respondents, and 3. patients with CM vs. adolescents. The main risk factors for all three models were the number of sunburn episodes and the use of the sunscreen in the childhood. The most alarming results for adolescents included: all day sun exposure, including times of maximum risk (11 AM to 3 PM), inadequate use of sunscreen in adulthood, and frequent mountain holidays. Our results show that sun-safety in the young generation is satisfactory, when the responsibility for sun exposure behavior is in the hands of their parents; however, when children become adolescents, they become immune to sun-safety and risk prevention campaigns and their behavior becomes much more risky. Our results further suggest the sun-safety campaigns need to be modified in such a way as to have greater impact and influence on adolescent sun-risk behaviors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Czech Republic: The risks of sun exposure for adolescents

Vranová

Arenbergerová²,

Arenberger³

et al. 2012

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“…However, in agricultural communities mortality increased in most age groups except among the oldest (>75 years). 22 Smoking is strongly associated with IHD and the risk ratio in male smokers is doubled compared with non-smokers. 18 If the crude correction described previously is applied, the smoking adjusted SMR regarding IHD among livestock and agricultural workers should be about 9% higher in men and about 5% higher in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischaemic heart disease among livestock and agricultural workers

Sjögren

Weiner²

2003

Occup Environ Med

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Background: Agricultural workers are exposed to organic dust containing endotoxins, mites, and moulds. Aims: To compare the occurrence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) among male and female livestock and agricultural workers with gainfully employed men and women in Sweden. Methods: Male and female livestock and agricultural workers were identified in the Swedish National Censuses of 1970 and 1990 and were followed until the end of 1995. The IHD mortality among the livestock and agricultural workers was compared with that of gainfully employed men and women. Information of smoking habits was gathered from a previous national survey. Results: Male as well as female livestock workers had slightly higher standardised mortality ratios (SMR) regarding IHD compared with all gainfully employed men and women in Sweden. The SMR for male workers was 1.06 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.18). The SMR for female workers was 1.10 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.23). Agricultural workers had lower SMRs. Adjustments for smoking habits would further increase the SMRs by about 9% in male workers and about 5% in female workers. Conclusion:The present data suggest a slightly increased risk for IHD among both male and female livestock workers, which may be the result of organic dust exposure.

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“…Within populations obesity is suggested to spread in social networks [16]. Unhealthy nutrition and physical inactivity might follow diffusion patterns consistent with the spreading of innovations [17] or other health related behaviours [18] like smoking [19]. In the first stage of a behavioural diffusion, the new habit is most prevalent in higher socio-economic groups, for example due to economic privileges, pleasure or fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and spatial patterns of obesity diffusion over three decades in a Norwegian county population: the HUNT Study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIn order to develop effective preventive strategies, knowledge of trends in socioeconomic and geographical differences in risk factor levels is important. The objective of this study was to examine social and spatial patterns of obesity diffusion in a Norwegian population during three decades.MethodsData on adults aged 30–69 years from three cross-sectional health surveys eleven years apart in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Norway, HUNT1 (1984–1986), HUNT2 (1995–1997) and HUNT3 (2006–2008) were utilized. Body mass index (BMI) was used as a measure of obesity. Height and weight were measured clinically. Age standardized prevalences, absolute prevalence differences and ratios, prevalence odds ratios for BMI and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated. Multilevel statistical models were fitted for analysing geographical patterns.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity was systematically higher in groups with lower socio-economic status and increased successively in all groups in the population during the three decades. The relative socioeconomic inequalities in obesity measured by level of education did not change substantially in the period. In HUNT1 (1984–86) obesity was most prevalent among low educated women (14.1%) and in HUNT3 (2006–08) among low educated men (30.4%). The RII for men changed from 2.60 to 1.91 and 2.36 in HUNT1, HUNT2 and HUNT3. In women the RIIs were 1.71, 2.28 and 2.30 correspondingly. However, the absolute obesity prevalence inequalities increased, and a geographical diffusion from central to distal districts was observed from HUNT2 to HUNT3.ConclusionsThe prevalence of obesity increased in all socioeconomic groups in this Norwegian adult county population from the 1980ies up to present time. The data did not suggest increasing relative inequalities, but increasing absolute socioeconomic differences and a geographical diffusion towards rural districts. Public health preventive strategies should be oriented to counteract the obesity epidemic in the population.

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The diffusion of cardiovascular disease in the Norwegian farming community: A comnination of morbidity and mortality data

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Czech Republic: The risks of sun exposure for adolescents

Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Czech Republic: The risks of sun exposure for adolescents

Ischaemic heart disease among livestock and agricultural workers

Social and spatial patterns of obesity diffusion over three decades in a Norwegian county population: the HUNT Study

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