The diffusion of adenosine triphosphate through aqueous solutions

Bowen, William J.; Martin, Harold L.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(64)90265-6

Cited by 70 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In spite of these qualifications, our results suggest: (1) the facilitatory process evoked by ATP or oc-adrenaline action causes additional calcium discharge from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in association with the action potential; (2) during this facilitation, the relationship, QsR = fS, between facilitatory factor f and calcium content of the SR store, S, appears to be maintained; (3) the facilitatory effect (the increase of factor J) can be considerable, amounting at high () 2 /tM) ATP to a 14-fold enhancement of calcium discharge, and possibly more than this; (4) the build-up of facilitation in ATP media, which occurs with a half-time of 6-10 s, is somewhat slower than simple diffusion equilibration of ATP at heart cell surfaces (this is based on a comparison of the ratio of diffusion coefficients of calcium ions and ATP in aqueous media, of 2 1 (8 and 3-8 x 10 -6 cm2 s- ;Wang, 1953;Bowen & Martin, 1964) with the ratio of 3-5 = 7.7 s/2 2 s for the half-times (t, of build-up ofJ)/(t1 of rapid tension changes to + [Ca2+] steps), the latter, 2 2 s (±0-7 s, s.D), being obtained from fifteen trabeculae whose results were more closely analysed in this work); (5) results obtained with different calcium levels in ATP media (Fig. 5) suggest that the process of calcium-induced calcium release plays little part in the facilitatory event.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor‐controlled Calcium Discharge in Frog Heart Cells

Niedergerke

Page

1989

Exp Physiol

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SUMMARYA brief account is given of previous work concerned with the effects which ATP (P2-'purinergic') and a-adrenaline receptors have on the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in frog heart atrial cells. More recent experiments made with single atrial trabeculae are also described which suggest, among other things, that ATP and a-adrenaline receptors both facilitate the process by which an action potential induces SR calcium discharge in atrial heart cells. The facilitatory effect involved is considerable; at high (.> 2 /iM) ATP doses, SR calcium discharge seems to be increased about 14-fold and, quite possibly, more than this. Results obtained with different levels of [Ca2+]. during ATP action suggest that the process of calciuminduced calcium release plays little part in the facilitatory process. Its putative mechanism is briefly discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor‐controlled Calcium Discharge in Frog Heart Cells

Niedergerke

Page

1989

Exp Physiol

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“…In order to measure the diffusivities of ATP and creatine phosphate by pulsed field gradient 31P NMR to evaluate the efficiency of creatine phosphate and ATP for the energy transport, the aqueous solution containing 40 mM creatine phosphate, 20 mNt ATP, 10 mM inorganic phosphate, 150 mM KCI, 20 mvt MgCl2 (pH 7.4) was used to mimic the concentration in frog muscle cells; however, the concentration of ATP and MgCl2 was increased to get the clear signals of ATP bound to Mgt +, and the high concentration of ATP was reported to have only a small effect on the diffusivity of ATP in solution (BoWEN and MARTIN, 1964).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diffusivities of creatine phosphate and ATP in an aqueous solution studied by pulsed field gradient 31P NMR.

1987

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SummaryThe An energy shuttle hypothesis that creatine phosphate and creatine kinase (E.C. 2.7.3.2) provide a mechanism for intracelluar energy transport of "energy-rich" phosphate from energy-production system (mitochondria) to energy-consumption system (e.g., myofibrils) has been proposed in muscle, heart, and brain (SAKs et al., 1974;BESSMAN and GEIGER, 1981) after the discovery of mitochondrial-bound creatine kinase, distinct from a cytosol enzyme fraction (JACOBS et al., 1964). According to the hypothesis, ATP that is transported out of the mitochondria via the translocase is used to phosphorylate creatine in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria and the resultant creatine phosphate diffuses to the myofibrils where it regenerates ATP from ADP. Thus, creatine phosphate may play a role not only as an energy-reservoir but also as an energy-carrier in muscle cells.Pulsed field gradient NMR has been used to measure the diffusion coefficient of muscular water, and the method becomes applicable in Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy (STILBS,1981; YOSHIZAKI et al.,1982). In this study, the diffusivities of ATP and creatine phosphate in an aqueous solution were measured by pulsed field gradient 31P NMR to evaluate the efficiency of creatine phosphate for the energy transport.31p NMR studies were carried out at 24°C , by a PFT-100 NMR (JEOL, Japan) operating at 40.3 MHz. The connection of the modulation coil was changed to

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“…at the position of the myosin-coated needle. The simulation was made by numerically solving the three-dimensional differential equation for the diffusion of ionophoretically released ATP, using a diffusion constant of 7 1 x 10-6 cm2/s (Bowen & Martin, 1964). After the onset of a 2 s ATP current pulse, the calculated ATP concentration around the needle rises until the termination of the current pulse with a time course depending on the current intensity, and then decreases slowly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of work done by ATP‐induced sliding between rabbit muscle myosin and algal cell actin cables in vitro.

Oiwa

Chaen

Sugi

1991

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The basic properties of the ATP-dependent actin-myosin interaction responsible for muscle contraction were studied using an in vitro force-movement assay system, in which a glass microneedle coated with rabbit skeletal muscle myosin was made to slide on the actin filament arrays (actin cables) in the internodal cell of an alga Nitellopsis obtusa with ionophoretic application of ATP.2. In response to an ATP current pulse (intensity, 5-85 nA; duration, 0-5-10 s), the myosin-coated needle moved for a distance and eventually stopped, indicating reformation of rigor actin-myosin linkages to prevent elastic recoil of the bent needle. A subsequent ATP current pulse again produced the needle movement starting from the baseline force attained by the preceding needle movement.3. With a constant amount of ATP application, the amount of work done by the ATP-induced actin-myosin sliding first increased with increasing baseline force from zero to 04-0-6PO, and then decreased with further increasing baseline force, thus giving a bell-shaped work versus baseline force relation.4. With increasing amount of ATP application, the amount of work done by the actin-myosin sliding increased more steeply as the baseline force was increased from zero to 0O4-06Po.5. These results are discussed in connection with the basic properties of the actin-myosin sliding in muscle contraction.

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The diffusion of adenosine triphosphate through aqueous solutions

Cited by 70 publications

References 9 publications

Receptor‐controlled Calcium Discharge in Frog Heart Cells

Receptor‐controlled Calcium Discharge in Frog Heart Cells

Diffusivities of creatine phosphate and ATP in an aqueous solution studied by pulsed field gradient 31P NMR.

Measurement of work done by ATP‐induced sliding between rabbit muscle myosin and algal cell actin cables in vitro.

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