The Differentiation of Infection Structures as a Result of Recognition Events between some Biotrophic Parasites and their Hosts

Mendgen, Kurt; Schneider, Alain; Sterk, Michael; Fink, Werner

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1988.tb04476.x

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…aggregation leading to sporulation, this substance had a strong fibrous appearanc;e, with variations in the orientation of the fibrillar component. The layer with the perpendicularly oriented fibrils, also observed by Mendgen et al (1988), was somewhat reminiscent of the hair-like surface layer around cryoprocessed yeast cells (Baba and Osumi 1987;Kappeli et al 1984;Walther et al 1984;Tokunaga et al 1986). The fibrillar type of material predominated, but an amorphous, darker staining substance also occurred, particularly at points of cell to cell contact.…”

Section: Gold Colloid Injectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi

Harder¹,

Chong²,

Rohringer³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Bot.

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G. 1989. lTItrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi. Can. J. Bot. 67: 2043-205l. Several types of extramural substance(s) associated with rust fungal intercellular hyphae were identified using a variety of tissue processing techniques. With conventional glutaraldehyde-OsO. fixing and uranyl acetate -lead citrate staining, little material could be discerned on the hyphal surfaces in nonsporulating areas except at locations of cell-cell contact, where a lightly staining fibrous or darker staining amorphous material was apparent. Freeze-substitution or freeze-fracturing preserved greater amounts Of coating material, which could be distinguished from the outer fungal wall layers. In freezesubstituted samples the extramural material was amorphous in nonsporulating areas, whereas near sporulating zones it had a fibrous consistency, with the fibrils oriented perpendicularly to the fungal wall. At locations of cell-cell contact there was additional extramural material that was composed of randomly oriented fibrils or was amorphous and densely staining. All types of extramural material stained positively with the periodate -thiocarbahydrazide -silver proteinate or periodatechromate-phosphotungstate stains, but Concanavalin A bound only to some of the dense 'amorphous material. Sodium ethoxide etching and platinum -carbon shadowing also revealed the extramural material. When rust-infected wheat leaves were flooded with suspensions of colloidal gold, adhesion of gold particles occurred outside the hyphal walls and coincided with the location of extramural material.HARDER, D. E., CHONG, J., ROHRJNGER, R., MENDGEN, K., SCHNEIDER, A., WELTER, K., et KNAUF, G. 1989. lTItrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi. Can. J. Bot. 67 : 2043 -205l. En traitaDt les tissus de diverses fa90ns, les auteurs ont pu identifier plusieurs types de substance(s) parietales associees avec les hyphes intra-cellulaires de rouille. En traitant avec la methode conventionnelle soit la fixation au gluteraldehyde-OsO. et la coloration a l'acetate d'uranyle -citrate de plomb, tres peu de materiel peut etre rni.s en evidence sur la surface des hyphes dans les regions non-sporulantes, excepte aux endroits de contacts intercellulaires ou on observe un materiel fibreux legerement colore ou un mareriel amorphe plus fortement colore . . La substitution en congelation ou le cryodecapage conservent de plus grandes quantires de materiel de recouvrement qU'on peut distinguer des couches parietales externes du champignon. Dans les echantillons' 'substitues en congelation, le marerie1 extra-parietal des regions nonsporulantes est amorphe, alors que dans les regions en sporulation il montre une consistance fibreuse, avec des fibrilles orientes perpendiculairement par rapport a la paroi fongique. Aux sites de contacts inter-cellulaires, il y a du materiel extraparietal additionnel compose de fibres orientees au hazard, ou...

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Section: Gold Colloid Injectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi

Harder¹,

Chong²,

Rohringer³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Bot.

Self Cite

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“…In the substomatal chamber, the signals which regulate the interaction between the fungus and the host occur all along the entire rust structure from the vesicle to the first haustorium which, in the dikaryotic phase, is the first intracellular structure (MENDGEN et al 1988;HEATH 1989HEATH , 1995.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration and early colonization in basidiosporederived infection on needles of Pinus pinea L. by Cronartium flaccidum (Alb. et Schw.) Wint.

et al. 2000

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-The behaviour and the morphology of the infection structures of the monokaryotic phase of Cronartium flaccidum were studied on needles of Pinus pinea seedlings inoculated with the rust basidiospore. It was found that the penetration and early colonization structures of C. flaccidum in the monokaryotic phase maintained the morphological and functional significance of the typical monokaryotic ones, even if some aspects of their behaviour seemed to recall those of the dikaryon. A possible hypothesis as to the reason for the dynamics of penetration carried out on the markedly cutinized needles of pine by C. flaccidum in the monokaryotic phase is discussed. It can be concluded that in C. flaccidum in the monokaryotic phase it is the nuclear set which determines the morphology and function of the structures involved in the infection process; this is true even if the histological characteristics of the host organ which this rust species has evolved to infect in nature, condition its way of penetration.

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“…Different races of rust fungi are characterized by small quantitative differences in the affinity to single lectins (Mendgen et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their high potential for structural variability could be responsible for specificity in plant-pathogen interactions (Callow, 1987). Changes in the composition of surface carbohydrates during differentiation of infection structures may regulate the outcome of infection (Mendgen et al, 1988). An a-galactan polymer from germ tubes of Puccinia graminis f.sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrates on the surface of urediniospore‐ and basidiospore‐derived infection structures of heteroecious and autoecious rust fungi

Freytag

Mendgen

1991

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYNine fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeiled leclins with affinity towards different carbohydrates were used to probe the surface carbohydrates of infection structures in vitro, derived from urediniospores and basidiospores of an autoecious rust species. Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers,) Schroet., and of a heteroecious rust species, Lhomyces rumicis (Schum,) Wint, Lectin binding was quantified by measuring fluorescence photometrically.All lectins bound in a characteristic pattern to the infection structures of the respective spore types of each rust fungus. Differences were especially obvious between those infection structures normally produced inside leaf tissue, namely the urediniospore-derived substomatal vesicles with infection hyphae, and the basidiospore-derived intraepidermal vesicles. The dikaryotic stage and the monokaryotic stage of the heteroecious fungus differed mainly in their affinity for the lectins from Bandeira simplicifolia and Lotus tetragonolobus.A statistical anaiysis comparing the binding oi the iectins to infection structures of two rust fungi suggested that cell surface composition is determined by nuclear condition. The monokaryotic stages of both rust fungi have a higher degree of similarity than the dikaryotic and monokaryotic stages of the same rust fungus.

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The Differentiation of Infection Structures as a Result of Recognition Events between some Biotrophic Parasites and their Hosts

Cited by 52 publications

References 62 publications

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of extramural substances associated with intercellular hyphae of several rust fungi

Penetration and early colonization in basidiosporederived infection on needles of Pinus pinea L. by Cronartium flaccidum (Alb. et Schw.) Wint.

Carbohydrates on the surface of urediniospore‐ and basidiospore‐derived infection structures of heteroecious and autoecious rust fungi

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