The Differential Role of Smell and Taste For Eating Behavior

Boesveldt, Sanne; Graaf, Kees de

doi:10.1177/0301006616685576

Cited by 186 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…As humans rely on their chemosensory abilities to evaluate palatability, smell and taste functions play a major role in appetite, food choice and intake [6]. Olfactory neurons are believed to co-modulate the peripheral metabolism as shown in animal models [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease

Besser

Erlacher

Aydınkoç-Tuzcu

et al. 2020

JCM

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Odor (including flavor) perception plays a major role in dietary behavior. Orthonasal olfactory function (OOF) has been shown to decrease in obese subjects. Changes in retronasal olfactory function (ROF) after weight loss and in the individual significance of olfaction (ISO) in obesity are yet to be investigated. Firstly, 15 obese subjects were recruited in a pilot study and supported to conventionally lose weight. OOF (Sniffin’ Sticks) was measured at the beginning and after 5.6 ± 1.3 months. Eleven subjects re-visited but barely lost weight and no major changes in OOF were observed. Secondly, the body-mass-index (BMI), OOF, and ROF (Candy Smell Test, CST) were recorded in subjectively olfactory-healthy subjects (SOHSs) and additionally the ISO questionnaire was collected in patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD). BMI correlated significantly negatively with odor discrimination (p = 0.00004) in 74 SOHSs and negatively with CST (p < 0.0001) in 66 SOHSs. In 48 SOHSs, there was a gender difference in ISO scores (p = 0.034), but no significant correlation with BMI was found (p > 0.05). ISO scores were significantly higher in 52 OD patients in comparison to SOHSs (p = 0.0382). Not only OOF but also ROF may decline with higher BMI. ISO does not seem to alter with BMI, but olfaction becomes more important once it is consciously impaired.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease

Besser

Erlacher

Aydınkoç-Tuzcu

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…We rely on the language of touch to convey our sense of comfort or pain (e.g., Melzack, 1975), and miscommunication can be harmful (Wierzbicka, 2012). Taste and smell are crucially intertwined with our consumption of food and drinks, which has important implications for our health (Boesveldt & de Graaf, 2017). Nowadays, appetite control and obesity are serious issues, and language may play a crucial role in its management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grounding language in the neglected senses of touch, taste, and smell

Speed

Majid

2019

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Grounded theories hold sensorimotor activation is critical to language processing. Such theories have focused predominantly on the dominant senses of sight and hearing. Relatively fewer studies have assessed mental simulation within touch, taste, and smell, even though they are critically implicated in communication for important domains, such as health and wellbeing. We review work that sheds light on whether perceptual activation from lesser studied modalities contribute to meaning in language. We critically evaluate data from behavioural, imaging, and cross-cultural studies. We conclude that evidence for sensorimotor simulation in touch, taste, and smell is weak. Comprehending language related to these senses may instead rely on simulation of emotion, as well as crossmodal simulation of the "higher" senses of vision and audition. Overall, the data suggest the need for a refinement of embodiment theories, as not all sensory modalities provide equally strong evidence for mental simulation.

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“…anorexia nervosa, eating disorders, taste, taste perception, taste threshold 1 | I N TR ODU C TI ON Taste plays a key role in eating behavior (Boesveldt & de Graaf, 2017). Our ability to sense the primary tastes of sweet, salt, umami (savory), bitter, and sour enables us to identify the nutritional quality of food (van Dongen, van den Berg, Vink, Kok, & de Graaf, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste sensitivity in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review

Kinnaird

Stewart

Tchanturia

2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveThere is evidence for altered processing of taste in anorexia nervosa, particularly in the areas of reward processing and hedonic sensitivity. However, research on whether people with anorexia nervosa identify taste stimuli accurately, known as taste sensitivity, has yielded mixed findings. The objective of this study was to synthesize the literature on taste sensitivity in this disorder to provide a basis for future discussion on whether altered taste sensitivity may be also implicated in wider atypical taste processing in anorexia.MethodElectronic databases were searched systematically to identify published research examining taste sensitivity in anorexia. Search terms were “anorexia nervosa”, or “eating disorder”, combined with “taste”. 18 studies met inclusion criteria.ResultsThe review of the findings suggest that individuals with AN may experience reduced taste sensitivity that may improve following recovery. However, there was a significant variability in results across studies, potentially reflecting methodological problems including low sample sizes, experimental designs, and uncontrolled confounding variables. Discussion: This review suggests that altered taste sensitivity could represent a component in the wider altered taste processing observed in anorexia nervosa. However, the heterogeneity of findings highlight the need for future research to consider methodological issues raised by this review.

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The Differential Role of Smell and Taste For Eating Behavior

Cited by 186 publications

References 92 publications

Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease

Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease

Grounding language in the neglected senses of touch, taste, and smell

Taste sensitivity in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review

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