The differential effects of PTSD, MDD, and dissociation on CRP in trauma-exposed women

Powers, Abigail; Dixon, H. Drew; Conneely, Karen N.; Gluck, Rachel; Munoz, Adam P.; Rochat, Cleo; Mendoza, Hadrian; Hartzell, Georgina; Ressler, Kerry J.; Bradley, Bekh; Pace, Thaddeus W.W.; Umpiérrez, Guillermo E.; Schwartz, Ann C.; Michopoulos, Vasiliki; Gillespie, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.06.007

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Indeed, increased systemic inflammation is associated with both PTSD and MDD . Recently published findings from the substudy of women with type 2 diabetes (n = 55) described in the current manuscript show that higher concentrations of CRP are associated with PTSD and MDD . Additionally, individuals with PTSD and MDD display altered sensitivity to glucocorticoids that can lead to increases in abdominal fat and insulin resistance .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Trauma exposure and stress‐related disorders in African‐American women with diabetes mellitus

Dixon

Michopoulos

Gluck

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Objective:The purpose of the study was to assess demographic features, rates of trauma exposure, prevalence of post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms in a group of urban, low-income, African-American women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research Design and Methods:We conducted a survey of (n = 290) low-income, African-American women seeking care in the diabetes clinic of an urban hospital and collected data on the demographic characteristics, childhood and nonchildhood abuse trauma exposure, and the severity of post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms using the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptom Scale (PSS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In a subset of women with type 2 diabetes (n = 96), we assessed haemoglobin A1c to examine the relationship between psychopathology and glycaemic control. Results:Of the overall sample, 61.7% reported exposure to trauma in their lifetime, and 30.4% and 29.3% had current PTSD and MDD, respectively. Exposure to both childhood and nonchildhood abuse trauma was associated with an increased PTSD and depressive symptom severity (P's < .05). PTSD diagnosis, but not depression, was associated with increased haemoglobin A1c (P = .002). Conclusions:These data document high levels of trauma exposure, PTSD and depressive symptoms in diabetic African-American women treated in a specialty clinic of an urban hospital setting. Furthermore, these data indicate that the presence of PTSD is negatively associated with glycaemic control. K E Y W O R D S diabetes, glycaemic control, MDD, PTSD, trauma exposure How to cite this article: Dixon HD, Michopoulos V, Gluck RL, et al. Trauma exposure and stress-related disorders in African-American women with diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Type 2 diabetes status was determined for each participant by electronic medical records. We recently reported data from this subset study showing that higher concentrations of c‐reactive protein (CRP) were associated with PTSD and MDD in 55 women who had CRP data available …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma exposure and stress‐related disorders in African‐American women with diabetes mellitus

Dixon

Michopoulos

Gluck

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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“…Participants were 36 adult refugees (20 females, 16 males) from Syria (25) and Iraqi (8) (3 did not report origin) who resettled in southeast Michigan between June 2016 and May 2017, part of a larger cohort study of refugee mental health [45][46][47]. All participants originated from Syria or Iraq during the same time period and were refugees of war.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cDNA array chip analysis indicates downregulation of IL-18 related genes in individuals with PTSD [21], and genotype by trauma interactions have shown transcripts for IL-18 to be positively correlated with post-traumatic stress symptom severity [22]. Taken together, elevated inflammatory state has been shown to increase the risk of developing PTSD following a traumatic event [23,24], and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression may mediate the relation between early life stress and adulthood psychiatric and physical disorders [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Trauma-Related Psychopathology in Syrian and Iraqi Refugees

Grasser

Burghardt

Daugherty

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences

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Refugees experience high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression due to exposure to civilian war trauma and forced migration. Inflammatory products may offer viable biological indicators of trauma-related psychopathology in this cohort, promoting rapid and objective assessment of psychopathology. Incoming Syrian and Iraqi refugees (n = 36) ages 18-65 completed self-report measures of PTSD, anxiety, and depression and provided saliva samples during an assessment at a primary care clinic within the first month of resettlement in the United States. Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and C-reactive protein (CRP) differentially correlated with symptom severity by domain, and there was a non-significant trend for sex moderating the relation between inflammation and PTSD symptoms. Our findings show unique relations between trauma-related psychopathology and inflammation. There is a need for further research in diverse ethnic cohorts with differential trauma exposures for inflammation to be considered a biological indicator of psychopathology.

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“…A meta-analysis of 20 PTSD independent studies sought to address these inconsistencies, revealing that proinflammatory markers (IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, and IFN-g) are elevated and positively correlated with the illness duration in patients with PTSD (Passos et al, 2015). Another recent correlational study in traumatized women reported significant associations between higher concentrations of CRP, disease severity, and PTSD symptoms (Powers et al, 2019).…”

Section: Neuroinflammatory Highlights In Traumatic Bipolar and Schimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Sex/Gender-Dependent Effects in the Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders

Kokkosis¹,

Tsirka²

2020

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Innate and adaptive immune mechanisms have emerged as critical regulators of CNS homeostasis and mental health. A plethora of immunologic factors have been reported to interact with emotion-and behavior-related neuronal circuits, modulating susceptibility and resilience to mental disorders. However, it remains unclear whether immune dysregulation is a cardinal causal factor or an outcome of the pathologies associated with mental disorders. Emerging variations in immune regulatory pathways based on sex differences provide an additional framework for discussion in these psychiatric disorders. In this review, we present the current literature pertaining to the effects that disrupted immune pathways have in mental disorder pathophysiology, including immune dysregulation in CNS and periphery, microglial activation, and disturbances of the blood-brain barrier. In addition, we present the suggested origins of such immune dysregulation and discuss the gender and sex influence of the neuroimmune substrates that contribute to mental disorders. The findings challenge the conventional view of these disorders and open the window to a diverse spectrum of innovative therapeutic targets that focus on the immune-specific pathophenotypes in neuronal circuits and behavior. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The involvement of gender-dependent inflammatory mechanisms on the development of mental pathologies is gaining momentum. This review addresses these novel factors and presents the accumulating evidence introducing microglia and proinflammatory elements as critical components and potential targets for the treatment of mental disorders.

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The differential effects of PTSD, MDD, and dissociation on CRP in trauma-exposed women

Cited by 34 publications

References 59 publications

Trauma exposure and stress‐related disorders in African‐American women with diabetes mellitus

Trauma exposure and stress‐related disorders in African‐American women with diabetes mellitus

Inflammation and Trauma-Related Psychopathology in Syrian and Iraqi Refugees

Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Sex/Gender-Dependent Effects in the Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders

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