N anoparticles (NPs) range in size from 1 to 100 nm, and is extremely small. According to their characteristics, forms, or sizes, they may be divided into many groups (Hasan and Raheem, 2021;Khan and Hossain, 2022). A surplus of silica dioxide (SiO2) was created in recent decades for use in the manufacture of industrial products such as lenses, bandages, catheters, dental fillings, consumer goods (Sharma et al., 2020), and food products (Peters et al., 2020). SiO 2 NPs have lately been found to be hazardous in-vivo and in-vitro, although they have histor-