The different roles of sleep on false memory formation between young and older adults

Huan, Sheng-Yin; Xu, Hong-Zhou; Wang, Rui; Yu, Jing

doi:10.1007/s00426-021-01516-3

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our data suggest that the dominant factor in the performance increase associated with sync-stimulation was a reduction in falsely tagging lures (Extended Data Fig. 4e ), in line with previous studies that pointed to the effect of sleep on minimizing false memory formation 57 – 59 . The fact that sleep specifically benefited recognition accuracy in this memory task was also reported in a separate cohort of healthy participants 55 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Augmenting hippocampal–prefrontal neuronal synchrony during sleep enhances memory consolidation in humans

et al. 2023

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Memory consolidation during sleep is thought to depend on the coordinated interplay between cortical slow waves, thalamocortical sleep spindles and hippocampal ripples, but direct evidence is lacking. Here, we implemented real-time closed-loop deep brain stimulation in human prefrontal cortex during sleep and tested its effects on sleep electrophysiology and on overnight consolidation of declarative memory. Synchronizing the stimulation to the active phases of endogenous slow waves in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) enhanced sleep spindles, boosted locking of brain-wide neural spiking activity to MTL slow waves, and improved coupling between MTL ripples and thalamocortical oscillations. Furthermore, synchronized stimulation enhanced the accuracy of recognition memory. By contrast, identical stimulation without this precise time-locking was not associated with, and sometimes even degraded, these electrophysiological and behavioral effects. Notably, individual changes in memory accuracy were highly correlated with electrophysiological effects. Our results indicate that hippocampo–thalamocortical synchronization during sleep causally supports human memory consolidation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Augmenting hippocampal–prefrontal neuronal synchrony during sleep enhances memory consolidation in humans

et al. 2023

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“…[3,32]). Complicating the picture further, a few DRM studies suggest that the effect of sleep may be affected by a participant's level of memory performance (indexed by the number of correctly recalled list words minus intrusion; [65]) 1 , and a participant's age [66]. Turning to veridical memories (i.e.…”

Section: Empirical Evidence Regarding the Effect Of Sleep In Drm Fals...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A registered report testing the effect of sleep on Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory: greater lure and veridical recall but fewer intrusions after sleep

Mak,

O'Hagan,

Horner

et al. 2023

R. Soc. open sci.

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Human memory is known to be supported by sleep. However, less is known about the effect of sleep on false memory, where people incorrectly remember events that never occurred. In the laboratory, false memories are often induced via the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm where participants are presented with wordlists comprising semantically related words such as nurse , hospital and sick (studied words). Subsequently, participants are likely to falsely remember that a related lure word such as doctor was presented. Multiple studies have examined whether these false memories are influenced by sleep, with contradictory results. A recent meta-analysis suggests that sleep may increase DRM false memory when short lists are used. We tested this in a registered report ( N = 488) with a 2 (Interval: Immediate versus 12 h delay) × 2 (Test Time: 9:00 versus 21:00) between-participant DRM experiment, using short DRM lists ( N = 8 words/list) and free recall as the memory test. We found an unexpected time-of-day effect such that completing free recall in the evening led to more intrusions (neither studied nor lure words). Above and beyond this time-of-day effect, the Sleep participants produced fewer intrusions than their Wake counterparts. When this was statistically controlled for, the Sleep participants falsely produced more critical lures. They also correctly recalled more studied words (regardless of intrusions). Exploratory analysis showed that these findings cannot be attributed to differences in output bias, as indexed by the number of total responses. Our overall results cannot be fully captured by existing sleep-specific theories of false memory, but help to define the role of sleep in two more general theories (Fuzzy-Trace and Activation/Monitoring theories) and suggest that sleep may benefit gist abstraction/spreading activation on one hand and memory suppression/source monitoring on the other.

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“…However, other studies reported no overall effect (Diekelmann et al, 2010) and some a reduction in DRM false memories following sleep (e.g., Fenn et al, 2009;Lo et al, 2014). Complicating the picture further, a few DRM studies suggest that the effect of sleep may be affected by a participant's level of memory performance (indexed by the number of correctly recalled list words minus intrusion; Diekelmann et al, 2010) 1 , the emotional content of the studied words (Newbury & Monaghan, unpublished), and a participant's age (Huan et al, 2021). Turning to veridical memories (i.e., studied list words), the evidence is also somewhat inconsistent.…”

Section: Empirical Evidence Regarding the Effect Of Sleep In Drm Fals...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A registered report testing the effect of sleep on DRM false memory: Greater lure and veridical recall but fewer intrusions after sleep

Mak¹,

O’Hagan²,

Horner³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Human memory is known to be supported by sleep. However, less is known about the effect of sleep on false memory, where people remember events that never occurred. In the laboratory, false memories are often induced via the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm where participants are presented with semantically related words such as nurse, hospital, and sick (studied words). Subsequently, participants are likely to falsely remember that a related lure word such as doctor was presented. Multiple studies have examined whether these false memories are influenced by sleep, with contradictory results. A recent meta-analysis suggests that sleep may increase DRM false memory when short lists are used. We tested this in a registered report (N=488) with a 2 (Interval: Immediate vs. 12-hr Delay) x 2 (Test Time: 9AM vs. 9PM) between-participant DRM experiment, using short DRM lists (N = 8 words/list) and free recall as the memory test. We found that the Sleep and Wake participants were well-matched on their number of total responses, but those in the Sleep group produced fewer intrusions (i.e., words that were neither studied nor lure words), and when this was statistically controlled for, they showed a greater tendency to recall more critical lures as well as more studied words. Our findings support the view that sleep may facilitate gist abstraction and/or spreading activation, alongside strengthening/protecting newly encoded declarative memories.

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The different roles of sleep on false memory formation between young and older adults

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Augmenting hippocampal–prefrontal neuronal synchrony during sleep enhances memory consolidation in humans

Augmenting hippocampal–prefrontal neuronal synchrony during sleep enhances memory consolidation in humans

A registered report testing the effect of sleep on Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory: greater lure and veridical recall but fewer intrusions after sleep

A registered report testing the effect of sleep on DRM false memory: Greater lure and veridical recall but fewer intrusions after sleep

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