The Difference in Reaction Time between Phonogram and Ideogram in Bilinguals

Han, Bo; Park, Yeji; Bae, Kyung Ran

doi:10.18541/ser.2014.06.13.2.111

ser

2014

DOI: 10.18541/ser.2014.06.13.2.111

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The Difference in Reaction Time between Phonogram and Ideogram in Bilinguals

Bo Han¹,

Yeji Park²,

Kyung Ran Bae³

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…A China vs. UK comparison is selected due to the large contrast between the two countries on Hofstede's individualism vs. collectivism (IDV) index (UK 89 vs. China 20), which suggests a salient discrepancy of individual vs. group identity. The contrast can assist in comparing self-compassion in a highly collectivistic and individualistic society (Han, 2014). This study is also part of a larger study by scholars in China and the UK on self-compassion comparisons in adolescents, with collaborators from both countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model of the Self-Compassion Scale Youth (SCS-Y) and investigation of differential item functioning in China, Hong Kong and UK adolescents

Cheung

Asgarabad

et al. 2023

Mindfulness

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ObjectivesSelf-compassion allows one to accept themselves, lower self-criticism and self-judgement and view one's failures and setbacks in a balanced way. Self-compassion in adolescents is an important protective factor against mental distress. However, it is subject to gender and cultural influences. In light of the paucity of self-compassion scales in adolescents, it is crucial to explore measurement invariance of self-compassion measures in adolescents across cultures for its future clinical application in measuring the outcome of compassion-based interventions. The current study validated the Self-Compassion Scale for Youth (SCS-Y) in a large cross-cultural sample. MethodA community sample of 2881 of adolescents aged 12-18 years across Hong Kong, China and the UK were recruited through the online platform Qualtrics. Psychometric properties of the SCS-Y were examined including its reliability and concurrent validity, and a Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model was adopted to test measurement invariance of the SCS-Y while differential item functioning (DIF) was checked across gender and countries. 2 ResultsExamination of the SCS-Y revealed good psychometric properties including a high reliability, discriminant validity and concurrent validity with SCS. A MIMIC model yielded good model fit for a hypothetical 6-factor model fit (CFI = 0.980; TLI = 0.974; RMSEA = 0.038). Two items were detected for DIF across country. ConclusionThe study established good psychometric properties for SCS-Y including measurement invariance across gender and country. This analysis prepares the SCS-Y for subsequent evaluation of compassion-focused therapy for young people across cultures. PreregistrationThis study was not pre-registered.Adolescence is a transitional period during which individuals gain independence, peer acceptance, and autonomy. Meanwhile, they may encounter personal difficulties that may develop into emotional challenges and mental health risks (Kazdin, 1993). Stressors, such as academic performance, social pressures, self-consciousness about their physical image, peer relationships and acceptance, physical appearance, or sexual attractiveness (Neff & McGehee, 2010;Zhang et al., 2013), increase adolescents' risk for depressive symptoms. Specifically, the prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents in China and HongKong is as high as 24.3% and 21%, respectively (Stewart et al., 2004;Tang et al., 2019), which is comparable to that in Western countries (20%) (Eapen & Crncec, 2012;Ng & Hurry, 2011), suggesting that adolescent depression is universal and severe.The benefits of self-compassion in managing and treating mental distress have garnered much interest recently. Self-compassion is an important component of compassionfocused therapy (Gilbert, 2014). It allows one to accept themself, lower self-criticism and self-judgment, and view their failures and setbacks with balanced judgment (Neff & McGehee, 2010). It supports parsimonious self-regulation in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domains in in...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model of the Self-Compassion Scale Youth (SCS-Y) and investigation of differential item functioning in China, Hong Kong and UK adolescents

Cheung

Asgarabad

et al. 2023

Mindfulness

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Predicting future trends of media elements in hotel marketing by using Change Propensity Analysis

Lim

Choi

Akhmedov

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hospitality Management

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Comparison of Word Production Ability of Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Word-Chain Tasks

2023

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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the performance on a word-chain task across two age groups (youth: 20~39 years and middle-aged groups: 40~64 years).Methods: In the word-chain task, we analyzed the number of correct responses and reaction times (time from the final consonant/vowel of the previous word to the initial consonant/vowel of the second syllable of the next word). The correlation between the ability of word-chain task and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, Short form-Korean-Boston Naming Test, Korean-Trail Making Test-Elderly (K-TMT-E) (A,B) & Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) were analyzed.Results: The following results were obtained: (i) with increasing age, the number of the correct responses in the word-chain task’s (p < 0.001) and that of COWAT (p < 0.001) gradually declined; (ii) with increasing age, the number of DSC produced gradually declined (p < 0.001) and response time of K-TMT-E (A,B) also gradually increased; (iii) in both groups, the total number of correct responses of the word-chain task correlated with the number of correct responses of COWAT; (iv) the middle-aged group showed a correlation between the word-chain task and DSC.Conclusion: The ability on the word-chain task might reflect aging and cognitive changes in normal adults.

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The Difference in Reaction Time between Phonogram and Ideogram in Bilinguals

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model of the Self-Compassion Scale Youth (SCS-Y) and investigation of differential item functioning in China, Hong Kong and UK adolescents

A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model of the Self-Compassion Scale Youth (SCS-Y) and investigation of differential item functioning in China, Hong Kong and UK adolescents

Predicting future trends of media elements in hotel marketing by using Change Propensity Analysis

Comparison of Word Production Ability of Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Word-Chain Tasks

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