The Diary of Ambulatory Behavioral States: A New Approach to the Assessment of Psychosocial Influences on Ambulatory Cardiovascular Activity

Kamarck, Thomas W.; Shiffman, Saul; Smithline, Leslie; Goodie, Jeffrey L.; Thompson, Hayley S.; Ituarte, Philip H.G.; Jong, Joey Yi-Kuan; Pro, Verne; Paty, Jean A.; Kassel, Jon D.; Gnys, Maryann; Perz, Walter

doi:10.4324/9781410602770-16

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Each construct-general reflective factor is assessed using a single item appearing in every EMA prompt. Construct-general reflective EMA items will assess momentary self-efficacy [ 37 ], deliberation [ 38 ], self-control [ 39 ], demands [ 40 ], stress coping [ 41 ], and emotion regulation [ 42 ]. In addition, we also assess behavior-specific reflective factors through EMA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Movement-Related Behavioral Maintenance and Adoption in Real Time: Protocol for an Intensive Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Among Older Adults

Maher¹,

Hevel²,

Bittel³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Older adults struggle to maintain newly initiated levels of physical activity (PA) or sedentary behavior (SB) and often regress to baseline levels over time. This is partly because health behavior theories that inform interventions rarely address how the changing contexts of daily life influence the processes regulating PA and SB or how those processes differ across the behavior change continuum. Few studies have focused on motivational processes that regulate the dynamic nature of PA and SB adoption and maintenance on microtimescales (ie, across minutes, hours, or days). Objective The overarching goal of Project Studying Maintenance and Adoption in Real Time (SMART) is to determine the motivational processes that regulate behavioral adoption versus maintenance over microtimescales, using a dual process framework combined with ecological momentary assessment and sensor-based monitoring of behavior. This paper describes the recruitment, enrollment, data collection, and analytics protocols for Project SMART. Methods In Project SMART, older adults engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA per week complete 3 data collection periods over 1 year, with each data collection period lasting 14 days. Across each data collection period, participants wear an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer (ActiGraph, LLC) on their nondominant waist and an ActivPAL micro4 accelerometer (PAL Technologies, Ltd) on their anterior thigh to measure PA and SB, respectively. Ecological momentary assessment questionnaires are randomly delivered via smartphone 10 times per day on 4 selected days in each data collection period and assess reflective processes (eg, evaluating one’s efficacy and exerting self-control) and reactive processes (eg, contextual cues) within the dual process framework. At the beginning and end of each data collection period, participants complete a computer-based questionnaire to learn more about their typical motivation for PA and SB, physical and mental health, and life events over the course of the study. Results Recruitment and enrollment began in January 2021; enrollment in the first data collection period was completed by February 2022; and all participants completed their second and third data collection by July 2022 and December 2022, respectively. Data were collected from 202 older adults during the first data collection period, with approximate retention rates of 90.1% (n=182) during the second data collection period and 88.1% (n=178) during the third data collection period. Multilevel models and mixed-effects location scale modeling will be used to evaluate the study aims. Conclusions Project SMART seeks to predict and model the adoption and maintenance of optimal levels of PA and SB among older adults. In turn, this will inform the future delivery of personalized intervention content under conditions where the content will be most effective to promote sustained behavior change among older adults. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47320

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Movement-Related Behavioral Maintenance and Adoption in Real Time: Protocol for an Intensive Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Among Older Adults

Maher¹,

Hevel²,

Bittel³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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“…Most relevant to the present study, approximately 1 month after the initial visit, participants were trained to use an automated ABP monitor (Accutracker DX; SunTech Medical, Raleigh, North Carolina) and a self-report electronic diary (Palm Pilot Professional; Palm, Inc., Santa Clara, California). This was followed by a 3-day ambulatory monitoring period and four visits associated with a second 3-day ambulatory monitoring period 4 months later (32). A 6-year follow-up consisted of six visits, completed from February 2005 to July 2006, including one medical history visit and three visits related to a third 3-day period of ambulatory monitoring.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After each ABP assessment, an electronic diary (Palm Pilot Professional) administered a 45-item self-report questionnaire adapted from the Diary of Ambulatory Behavioral States (DABS) (32). Questionnaire ratings were time stamped (using software from Invivodata, Inc., Scotts Valley, California) to monitor compliance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of Age-Based Change in Blood Pressure Reactivity and Negative Affect Reactivity to Natural Stressors

Koffer

Kamarck

2022

Psychosom Med

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Objective: Aging is theoretically accompanied by emotional gains, but physiological self-regulatory losses. Emotional and physiological regulation can be operationalized as the extent of an increase in negative affect and blood pressure upon experiencing a stressor (i.e., reactivity). The direction of age-based changes in negative affect reactivity to stressors is uncertain. In addition, evidence for age-based increases in blood pressure reactivity to stressors is based largely on age-based differences observed in cross-sectional and laboratory-based studies. The present study is the first to examine long-term longitudinal changes in stress-related reactivity for both blood pressure and negative affect in the natural environment. Methods: A total of 375 healthy adults aged 50 to 70 years completed 6 days of hourly ambulatory blood pressure assessment and electronic diary reports of social conflict and task demand and control. Two hundred fifty-five participants repeated 3 days of assessment in a 6-year follow-up. With reactivity operationalized as the change in an outcome in association with momentary social conflict, task strain, or task demand (i.e., a model-derived slope parameter), multilevel models were used to assess aging-based change in blood pressure and negative affect reactivity over the course of the 6-year follow-up. Results: Aging is associated with increased diastolic blood pressure reactivity to social conflict and task demand (β social_conflict = 0.48, p = .007; β task_demand = 0.19, p = .005), increases in negative affect reactivity to social conflict and task strain (β social_conflict = 0.10, p < .001; β task_strain = 0.08, p = .016), and increases in systolic blood pressure reactivity to task-based stress (β task_strain = 1.29, p = .007; β task_demand = 0.23 p = .032). Conclusion: Findings suggest age-based increases in affective and cardiovascular reactivity to natural stressors.

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Experiences of demand and control during daily life are predictors of carotid atherosclerotic progression among healthy men.

et al. 2007

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Mean ratings of high demand and low control were significantly associated with IMT progression among men but not among women. These associations were not explained by traditional risk factors or by measures of occupational stress. Effects were partially accounted for by elevated ambulatory heart rates among those with low ratings of control. These data support the utility of ED-based measures for examining psychosocial risks in the prediction of cardiovascular disease progression.

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The Diary of Ambulatory Behavioral States: A New Approach to the Assessment of Psychosocial Influences on Ambulatory Cardiovascular Activity

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Studying Movement-Related Behavioral Maintenance and Adoption in Real Time: Protocol for an Intensive Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Among Older Adults

Studying Movement-Related Behavioral Maintenance and Adoption in Real Time: Protocol for an Intensive Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Among Older Adults

A Longitudinal Study of Age-Based Change in Blood Pressure Reactivity and Negative Affect Reactivity to Natural Stressors

Experiences of demand and control during daily life are predictors of carotid atherosclerotic progression among healthy men.

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