The DIAMOND-KID: Psychometric Properties of a Structured Diagnostic Interview for <i>DSM-5</i> Anxiety, Mood, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Tolin, David F.; Sain, Kimberly S.; Davis, Elizabeth L.; Gilliam, Christina M.; Hannan, Scott; Springer, Kristen S.; Stubbing, Jessica; George, Jamilah R.; Jean, Aniskha; Goldblum, Rachel S.; Katz, Benjamin W.; Everhardt, Kate; Darrow, Sabrina M.; Ohr, Elizabeth Ellis; Young, Matthew; Serchuk, Marisa D.

doi:10.1177/10731911221143994

“…The Diagnostic Interview for DSM‐5 Anxiety, Mood and Obsessive‐Compulsive, and Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents (DIAMOND‐KID) (Tolin et al, 2023) was administered to all participants. The DIAMOND‐KID is a structured clinical interview which assesses DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria for the anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, depressive disorders, obsessive compulsive and related disorders, trauma and stressor‐related disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, feeding and eating disorders, substance use disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders, which demonstrates good psychometric properties (Tolin et al, 2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Diagnostic Interview for DSM‐5 Anxiety, Mood and Obsessive‐Compulsive, and Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents (DIAMOND‐KID) (Tolin et al, 2023) was administered to all participants. The DIAMOND‐KID is a structured clinical interview which assesses DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria for the anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, depressive disorders, obsessive compulsive and related disorders, trauma and stressor‐related disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, feeding and eating disorders, substance use disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders, which demonstrates good psychometric properties (Tolin et al, 2023). Assessments were undertaken by licensed clinical psychologists with expertise in eating disorders, and included measuring participant height and weight on a digital scale, and BMI percentiles were calculated according to patient sex, age, height, and weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi‐modal assessment of fear conditioning in adolescent anorexia nervosa

Murray,

Strober,

Le Grange

et al. 2024

Intl J Eating Disorders

2

0

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ObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a pernicious psychiatric disorder which is principally characterized by a fear of weight gain. Notwithstanding the centrality of fear in the psychopathology of AN, controlled assessments of negative valence systems are lacking. Herein we assess fear conditioning in adolescent females with AN.MethodAdolescent girls (Mage = 14.6 years, ±1.57) with DSM‐5 diagnoses of AN (N = 25) and age‐matched control girls (Mage = 14.8 years, ±1.46) with no DSM‐5 diagnoses (N = 25) completed structured clinical interviews and participated in a classical three‐phase Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm. Participants with comorbid anxiety disorders were excluded. Skin conductance response (SCR) was measured, alongside self‐reported fear, valence, and fear expectancy ratings.ResultsBoth groups demonstrated significant differential acquisition across all four measures. Regarding group comparisons, no differences emerged for self‐reported fear, valence, and fear expectancy ratings during acquisition, although for SCR, those with AN demonstrated reduced physiological arousal relative to controls. Both groups demonstrated significant differential extinction for unconditioned stimuli (US) expectancy, self‐report fear, and self‐report valence. No statistically significant group differences were evident during extinction to the conditioned stimuli (CS)+, on any outcome measure. However, controls reported more positive valence to the CS− than those with AN.ConclusionsContrary to our hypotheses, our preliminary assessment did not find support for elevated fear responding among adolescent girls with AN with regards to fear acquisition or extinction. These data suggest that AN in adolescent girls may not be associated with a heightened propensity to acquire fear, but conversely, may suggest that exposure treatments for AN may be helpful, since extinction learning is intact in AN.Public significanceAN is characterized by fear‐related symptoms, including food and weight‐related fear, and behavioral avoidance, yet controlled studies assessing fear learning are limited. Our preliminary assessment of adolescent AN indicates no abnormalities in fear learning among adolescents with AN. These findings may inform existing mechanistic models of AN psychopathology, and the development of exposure‐based treatments for AN.

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