The Diabetic Foot Syndrome

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) - takes the third place in the structure of causes of death, affects 4-5% of the world's population, and the costs of its treatment reach 30% of the country's budget for health, of which more than 90% are wastes of treatment of complications SD. Syndrome of diabetic foot (SDS) is formed in 20-50% of patients and in 30% of cases leads to infectious-necrotic complications. When diagnosing SDS pay attention to the condition of the skin and fingers of the feet, blood flow, the presence of pain, to study sensitivity, to conduct capillaroscopy, polarography, ultrasonic dopplerography; Radiography of foot bones, densitometry, angiography, etc. Principles of treatment of infectious-necrotic complications; SDS: urgent hospitalization in the profile department (angiological or "diabetic foot"); Insulin, antibiotic, immunotherapy; The introduction of drugs that improve microcirculation (anticoagulants, antiaggregants, antioxidants); Syndromic therapy; Surgical treatment. Prevention of VTS should include: regular examination of the feet; Definition of a risk group; Selection of adequate shoes; Correction of pathological conditions predisposing to the development of VTS; Training of patients and their family members.

Diabetic macroangiopathy

“…Главными патогенетическими факторами, приводящими к поражению стоп при СД, являются периферическая нейропатия и поражение магистральных артерий нижних конечностей, на фоне которых развивается инфекция [23]. К факторам риска развития синдрома диабетической стопы относятся: возраст более 40 лет; стаж диабета более 10 лет; некомпенсированный диабет; курение; атеросклероз сосудов нижних конечностей; деформации стоп; гиперкератоз стоп [24]. Классическая патогенетическая триада СДС включает ишемию, нейропатию и инфекцию.…”