The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in Vietnam: Sustained ocean anoxia with a volcanic trigger for the Hangenberg Crisis?

Paschall, Olivia C.; Carmichael, Sarah K.; Königshof, Peter; Waters, Johnny A.; Ta, Phuong H.; Komatsu, Toshimitsu; Dombrowski, Allison

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.021

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The decline of the I/Ca values observed in the two sections suggests that deoxygenation was intensified, at least in the south China area, during the D‐C transition. This is consistent with the intensified anoxic conditions reconstructed by other geochemical proxies in this critical interval, e.g., biomarkers reflecting euxinic photic zone (Martinez et al, ; Marynowski & Filipiak, ) and episodic enrichments in redox‐sensitive trace metals, e.g., U and Mo, (Carmichael et al, ; Kalvoda et al, ; Kumpan et al, ; Paschall et al, ). Due to the absence of high‐resolution biostratigraphic and δ 13 C carb chemostratigraphic data of these sections, detailed correlations among these records are very difficult.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Marine redox conditions through the D-C transition have been reconstructed on the basis of enrichment of redox sensitive elements, e.g., Mo, U, Ce anomaly (Carmichael et al, 2016;Kalvoda et al, 2018;Kumpan et al, 2019;Marynowski et al, 2012;Paschall et al, 2019), and distribution pattern of framboidal pyrite size (Carmichael et al, 2016). Generally, these proxies cannot distinguish redox conditions of bottom waters versus sediment pore waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensified Ocean Deoxygenation During the end Devonian Mass Extinction

Liu

Luo

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The end-Devonian mass extinction (~359 Ma) substantially impacted marine ecosystems and shaped the roots of modern vertebrate biodiversity. Although multiple hypotheses have been proposed, no consensus has been reached about the mechanism inducing this extinction event. In this study, I/Ca ratio of carbonate was used to unravel the changes in local oxygen content of the upper water column during this critical interval. The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary was recorded in two shallow water carbonate sections in south China. I/Ca values at both locations show a clear decline in the Middle and Upper Siphonodella praesulcata conodont zones, which coincides with a positive shift in carbonate carbon isotope composition and a negative shift in nitrogen isotope composition. These results suggest that deoxygenation was intensified during this critical interval, which likely influenced shallow water habitats, lending support to the notion that oxygen deficiency likely was a direct mechanism impacting the end-Devonian mass extinction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensified Ocean Deoxygenation During the end Devonian Mass Extinction

Liu

Luo

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Newer and more precise age dates of the F-F boundary via U/Pb geochronology in zircons (Percival et al, 2018) are most closely associated with the Viluy Traps (Tomshin et al, 2018), but cyclostratigraphy studies and geochemical proxies for volcanism suggest that this association remains somewhat conjectural (Pas et al, 2018;Percival et al, 2018;Racki et al, in press). Furthermore, other Late Devonian pulses of extinction are not associated with any known LIPs (Bond and Wignall, 2014;Ernst, 2014), even if they show trace element evidence that suggests massive volcanism (Kalvoda et al, 2019;Paschall et al, 2019). It is of course possible that any LIPs in the Panthallasic Ocean have been completely subducted (Kaiser et al, 2016), or that LIPs associated with the F-F boundary simply have not yet been discovered.…”

Section: Triggers For Anoxia and Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrite framboids have long been used as general indicators of anoxia (Love, 1966). Size distributions of framboids can determine not only the presence but also relative severity of anoxia in both modern and ancient environments (Paschall et al, 2019;Wignall and Newton, 1998;Wilkin and Barnes, 1997;Wilkin et al, 1996;, and provide information about local sedimentation rates (Gallego-Torres et al, 2015). Pyrite framboid size distributions are a particularly useful tool for determining the severity of anoxia in mixed lithologies where trace element excursions can be masked or superimposed Carmichael et al, 2016;.…”

Section: Mineralogical Expression: Pyrite Framboidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Carmichael

Waters

Königshof

et al. 2019

Global and Planetary Change

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The Late Devonian (383-359 Ma) was a time of prolonged climate instability with catastrophic perturbation of global marine ecosystems at the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) and the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundaries. The causes and mechanisms of anoxia and extinction at the F-F interval are not clearly delineated, and alternative explanations for virtually every aspect of this interval are still intensely debated. In many (but not all) locations, the F-F interval is characterized by two dark, organic-rich lithologies: the Lower and Upper Kellwasser beds (as originally described in Germany) that represent a stepwise ocean anoxia and extinction sequence. The Upper and Lower Kellwasser anoxia event beds are often collectively termed the Kellwasser Event, and the termination of this sequence is within the Upper Kellwasser Event at the F-F boundary. Current knowledge is limited by significant sampling bias, as most previous studies sampled epicontinental seaways or passive continental shelves, primarily from localities across Europe and North America. Together these formed a single equatorial continent with a rising mountain chain during the Late Devonian. Our understanding of the Kellwasser Event is thus based on data and observations from a restricted set of paleoenvironments that may not represent the complete range of Late Devonian environments and oceanic conditions. In the last decade, new methodologies and research in additional paleoenvironments around the world confirm that the Kellwasser Event was global in scope, but also that its expression varies with both paleoenvironment and paleogeography. Studying the many differing geochemical and lithological expressions of the Kellwasser Event using a) a wide variety of paleoenvironments, b) a multiproxy approach, and c) placement of results into the broader context of Late Devonian marine biodiversity patterns is vital for understanding the true scope of ocean anoxia, and determining the causes of the marine biodiversity crisis at the F-F boundary.

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“…Regarding the latter one, it seems likely that widespread volcanism at that time was underestimated as there is a lack of large igneous provinces preserved in the rock record. On the other hand, evidence of widespread volcanic activity (pyroclastic ash flow deposits) around the D-C boundary is known from many countries such as in Germany, Spain, Uzbekistan, South China, Vietnam and Mongolia (Bai 2001;Liu et al, 2016;Komatsu et al 2014;Lai et al 2014;Racki et al 2018a;Paschall et al 2019;Stribrny et al in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary sections in Iran

Königshof

Bahrami

Kaiser

2020

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Many sections are known from Iran which exhibit sediments across the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundary. In contrast to the majority of published D-C sections worldwide from pelagic/hemipelagic environments, successions in Iran are mainly composed of shallow-water sediments. Correlation with hemipelagic or pelagic palaeoenvironments remains difficult due to biostratigraphic uncertainties in most sections and/or hiatuses. On the other hand, a limited number of sections dealing with shallow-water facies settings in Iran at this particular time period are known and further research is necessary. Several sections in the Alborz Mountains provide an excellent opportunity to study successions across the D-C boundary in shallow-water facies. In Iran, protognathoids are represented by Protognathodus meischneri and Protognathodus collinsoni. The two biostratigraphically important protognathoids (Protognathodus kuehni and Protognathodus kockeli) were not reported or did not occur for the first time in the Late Tournaisian. Early siphonodellids were described instead. In the frame of an Iranian/German research project, we study different palaeoenvironments to reduce serious palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical sampling bias which may limit our knowledge on the Hangenberg Event particularly in shallow-water facies. We present a summary on published D-C sections in Iran (Ghale-Kalaghu, Howz-e-Dorah 1, Howz-e-Dorah 2 and Shahmirzad) and sections which are under study (Mighan, Chelcheli and Khoshyeilagh) at the time of this writing.

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The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in Vietnam: Sustained ocean anoxia with a volcanic trigger for the Hangenberg Crisis?

Cited by 63 publications

References 135 publications

Intensified Ocean Deoxygenation During the end Devonian Mass Extinction

Intensified Ocean Deoxygenation During the end Devonian Mass Extinction

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary sections in Iran

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