The development of unconsolidated sedimentary coastal cliffs (Pobrzeże Kaszubskie, Northern Poland)

Abstract

In the course of field work based on geo log i cal and land slide map ping and spa tial anal y ses of map in for ma tion at least 2 types of land slides were iden ti fied. Type I: sim ple land slides de vel oped in ho mo ge neous and un dis turbed rocks, for in stance -loams, clays and sands. This type of land slide in cludes many ex am ples de vel oped mainly on the stretch (seg ment of the stud ied area) ap prox i mately be tween 132.25 and 133.50 km and 128.50 and 129.50 km of the Pol ish coast line. Type II: complex land slides in which the move ment and dis place ment of rock masses oc curs un der com plex geo log i cal and hydrogeological con di tions. The com plex fac tors are de ter mined by phe nom ena such as glaciotectonics, dis con ti nu ities of rock lay ers and thrust zones; the slip sur face oc curs at con sid er able depths, and some times sev eral slip sur faces can be distin guished. These land slide types are lo cated in the vi cin ity of Jastrzêbia Góra and Rozewie, near km 134 and 131.5. Pre diction of the for ma tion of this land slide types is dif fi cult. Even if long-term ob ser va tions are avail able, the mass move ment, vari able over time, is dif fi cult to in ter pret. It is clear that the changes are con tin u ous, but oc cur with vary ing in ten sity. Proper rec og ni tion of the types of mass move ment is cru cial to es tab lish ing the ap pro pri ate meth ods to pre vent their de vel op ment.

Geohazard assessment of the coastal zone – the case of the southern Baltic Sea

“…In re cent years the Pol ish Geo log i cal Sur vey has car ried out de tailed map ping of the south ern Bal tic Sea coastal zone to gether with geohazard iden ti fi ca tion, of which the re sults de scribed here are part. Stud ies of the geo logi cal struc ture and con cern ing pre dic tive mod els of coast line change have been pub lished ear lier (Uoecinowicz et al, , 2017(Uoecinowicz et al, , 2019Uoecinowicz and Szarafin, 2018) and com ple ment the re sults de scribed here. The com ple men tary ap proach involved the re quire ments of stake holders, lo cal ground wa ter man ag ers and us ers, en ti ties re spon si ble for en vi ron men tal pro tec tion and coastal zone man age ment and all those who con sider coastal ar eas as a shared en vi ron ment.…”

“…One may thus talk about landsliding zones, or a con tin u ous occur rence of var i ous mass wast ing move ments through out the en tire cliff sec tion. The ob ser va tions made are the re sult of ongo ing work (Uoecinowicz et al, , 2017Lidzbarski and Tarnawska, 2015;Uoecinowicz and Szarafin, 2018).…”

“…Lo cally, on the sur face of the up land, ae olian sheets with a thick ness of up to 3 m oc cur. The ge ol ogy of the low land and the morainic up land have sev eral pub lished de scrip tions (Paw³owski, 1922;Rudowski, 1965;Uoecinowicz et al, , 2017Moskalewicz et al, 2016;Uoecinowicz and Szarafin, 2018;Widera, 2019) and may be il lus trated by geo log i cal cross-sections (Fig. 2).…”

What can be learned about the deposition and compaction of peat from the Miocene lignite seam exposed in the Chłapowo Cliff on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea?

“…They are separated by numerous landslides, comprising Pleisto cene and/or Miocene rocks (e.g. Rudowski 1965, Kramar ska 2002, Moskalewicz & Sokołowski 2014, Uścinowicz et al 2017. One of the aforementioned exposures is examined in this paper (Figs.…”