The development of the neural folds and cranial ganglia of the rat

Adelmann, Howard B.

doi:10.1002/cne.900390103

Cited by 134 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Kingsbury and Adelmann, 1924;Adelmann, 1925). The neuromeres change through time and various names and interpretations have been given to them (Berquist and Kdlen, 1954).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cephalic neurulation in the mouse embryo analyzed by SEM and morphometry

1982

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“…Kingsbury and Adelmann, 1924;Adelmann, 1925). The neuromeres change through time and various names and interpretations have been given to them (Berquist and Kdlen, 1954).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cephalic neurulation in the mouse embryo analyzed by SEM and morphometry

1982

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“…RNase protection experiments (He et al 1989) were repeated to Schwind (1928). On embryonic day 11 (ell), transcripts are expressed in an oval region of cells that presumably defines the hypophyseal placode, a part of the original anterolateral ridge ectoderm that lies between the hypothalamus and oropharyngeal membrane and also gives rise to ectoderm in the roof of the mouth and nose, as well as in the olfactory placode (see Adelmann 1925;Couly and Le Douarin 1985;Jacobson and Sater 1988); note that hybridization is most dense posteriorly. On el2, transcripts are restricted to the definitive Rathke's pouch, which gives rise to both the anterior (anterior wall) and intermediate (posterior wall) lobes, whereas, on el3 and el5 expression is further restricted to the confirm that transcripts derived from the Pit-1 gene disappeared from the neural tube following transient expression of Pit-1 on e l l , and the absence of detectable transcripts on el3, before reappearing on e15-e18 (data not shown).…”

Section: Pit-1 Transcripts Are Expressed In All Five Pituitary Celt Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary cell phenotypes involve cell-specific Pit-1 mRNA translation and synergistic interactions with other classes of transcription factors.

Simmons¹,

Voss²,

Ingraham³

et al. 1990

Genes Dev.

625

333

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Development of the anterior pituitary gland involves proliferation and differentiation of ectodermal cells in Rathke's pouch to generate five distinct cell types that are defined by the trophic hormones they produce. A detailed ontogenetic analysis of specific gene expression has revealed novel aspects of organogenesis in this model system. The expression of transcripts encoding the alpha-subunit common to three pituitary glycoprotein hormones in the single layer of somatic ectoderm on embryonic day 11 established that primordial pituitary cell commitment occurs prior to formation of a definitive Rathke's pouch. Activation of Pit-1 gene expression occurs as an organ-specific event, with Pit-1 transcripts initially detected in anterior pituitary cells on embryonic day 15. Levels of Pit-1 protein closely parallel those of Pit-1 transcripts without a significant lag. Unexpectedly, Pit-1 transcripts remain highly expressed in all five cell types of the mature pituitary gland, but the Pit-1 protein is detected in only three cell types--lactotrophs, somatotrophs, and thyrotrophs and not in gonadotrophs or corticotrophs. The presence of Pit-1 protein in thyrotrophs suggests that combinatorial actions of specific activating and restricting factors act to confine prolactin and growth hormone gene expression to lactotrophs and somatotrophs, respectively. A linkage between the initial appearance of Pit-1 protein and the surprising coactivation of prolactin and growth hormone gene expression is consistent with the model that Pit-1 is responsible for the initial transcriptional activation of both genes. The estrogen receptor, which has been reported to be activated in a stereotypic fashion subsequent to the appearance of Pit-1, appears to be capable, in part, of mediating the progressive increase in prolactin gene expression characteristic of the mature lactotroph phenotype. This is a consequence of synergistic transcriptional effects with Pit-1, on the basis of binding of the estrogen receptor to a response element in the prolactin gene distal enhancer. These data imply that both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of Pit-1 gene expression and combinatorial actions with other classes of transcription factors activated in distinct temporal patterns, are required for the mature physiological patterns of gene expression that define distinct cell types within the anterior pituitary gland.

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“…Third, NTD often occurs at certain limited regions in the CNS, especially in the region from the caudal forebrain to the hindbrain (Ingraham and Swan, 1943;Sadler, 1980;Putz and Morriss-Kay, 1981;Takeuchi and Takeuchi, 1985) and in the lumbosacral region (Ingraham and Swan, 1943;Gunberg, 1956). Several attempts have already been made to determine the lineage of the neural segments, proneuromeres and neuromeres, or the anatomical subdivisions in the CNS of the mouse embryo (Kallen and Lindskog, 1953;Tamarin and Boyde, 1976;Meier, 1982;Meier and Tam, 1982) and of the rat embryo (Adelmann, 1925;Christie, 1964;. However, because the subjects were limited to certain ages and certain regions, not one of these studies could satisfy us on the above points.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Neurulation in the mouse I. The ontogenesis of neural segments and the determination of topographical regions in a central nervous system

Sakai¹

1987

Anat. Rec.

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Ontogenesis of neural segments and positional relationships between the segments and other organs during neurulation were studied in 1,423 ICR mouse embryos by binocular dissecting, light, and scanning electron microscopy. Late in the presomite stage, two transverse sulci, preotic and otic, were seen on the prospective luminal surface of the neural folds. By somite stage 19, the former subdivided into five neuromeres, and by somite stage 21, the latter subdivided into four neuromeres. From the rostral, preotic sulcus, moreover, five other neuromeres were formed by somite stage 20, and between the otic sulcus and the first somite, two neuromeres were formed by somite stage 28. In the caudal part, from the level of the first somite, a total of 39 neuromeres were formed one after another by somite stage 39, and their positions almost correlated with each corresponding somite. Furthermore, the isthmus grew in the boundary between the fifth and sixth neuromere. The most protruding zone in the preotic sulcus formed the eighth neuromere and was located adjacent to the first branchial arch and the trigeminal ganglion. The most protruding zone in the otic sulcus also formed the 11th neuromere and was located adjacent to the second branchial arch. The 12th and 13th neuromeres were situated adjacent to the otic vesicle; the 23rd to 28th neuromeres, adjacent to the forelimb bud; and the 40th to 46th neuromeres, adjacent to the hindlimb bud.

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The development of the neural folds and cranial ganglia of the rat

Cited by 134 publications

References 29 publications

Cephalic neurulation in the mouse embryo analyzed by SEM and morphometry

Cephalic neurulation in the mouse embryo analyzed by SEM and morphometry

Pituitary cell phenotypes involve cell-specific Pit-1 mRNA translation and synergistic interactions with other classes of transcription factors.

Neurulation in the mouse I. The ontogenesis of neural segments and the determination of topographical regions in a central nervous system

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