The Development of the Chondrocranium in Primates

Starck, Dietrich

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2166-8_6

Cited by 69 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It seems that many special ana tomical factors interact to determine the form of this structural interface, including reduction of the posterior nasal fossa, com pression of the interorbitum by hypertrophy of the eyeballs and orbits, narrowing and uptilting of the central stem, abbreviation of the basicranial plate, encroachment by the auditory' bullae and broadening of the middle cranial fossa. Many of these conditions arc associated with the highly derived status of the visual system [e.g., Spatz, 1968;Starck, 1974], reflected in eye size, position and cere bral representation. The fossils Tetonius and Necroleinur approach Tarsius in these and related features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Favor of the Necrolemur-Tarsier Hypothesis

Rosenberger¹

1985

IJFP

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The traditional view that tarsiers are more closely related to middle Tertiary European microchoerines is supported by a new examination of the gross anatomy of the basicranium. Tarsius shares with Necrolemur and Microchoerus a suite of characters spanning several subsystems of the skull: the craniofacial junction, bony proportions of the basicranium, morphology of the pterygoids and the temporomandibular joint. Comparisons with other omomyids, adapids, plesiadapiforms and modern primates suggest that the states and combinations common to Tarsius, Necrolemur and Microchoerus are derived. Fewer components can be established in Tetonius, Pseudoloris and Nannopithex, whereas only primitive tarsiiform traits are evident in Rooneyia. Functional interpretations lend confidence to the inference that these phenetically very similar traits are homologous in Tarsius and its ‘necrolemur’ allies, and demonstrate their coordination with other synapomorphies of the cranium and postcranium. Necrolemurs appear to have undergone an adaptive transition to a crepuscular life-style, relying on insects significantly, using a powerful incisal killing bite, employing specialized auditory and optical prey detection techniques, and stealthy sit-and-wait foraging habits involving an important degree of leaping locomotion. These behaviors would have been preadaptive to the biology of tarsiers, and are built upon a homologous framework of derived tarsiiform characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Favor of the Necrolemur-Tarsier Hypothesis

Rosenberger¹

1985

IJFP

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“…Compared to other Eutheria, the Tupaiidae possess a large number of plesiomorphic eutherian characters and stand close to the basal bauplan of the Eutheria [Romer, 1967;Starck, 1974Starck, , 1975Starck, , 1978Kuhn, 1984;Zel ler, 1983Zel ler, , 1984Zel ler, , 1986, On the basis of only a few synapomorphic craniodental characters [e.g., lack of I3 and P 1/1, foramen acusticum medium for the nervus saccularis major, fe nestra malaris in the jugal, musculus tensor tympani absent; Zeller, 1984Zeller, , 1986 the Tu paiinae and the Ptilocercinae are included in one family, Tupaiidae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The systematic position of the Tupaiidae within the Eutheria has long been a matter of controversial discussion which continues un til the present day [e.g., Martin, 1968Martin, , 1986Le Gros Clark, 1971;Campbell, 1974;Starck, 1974Starck, , 1975Luckett, 1980;Zeller, 1983Zeller, , 1986. However, synapomorphic char acters of Tupaiidae, Primates and/or other Eutheria have never been satisfactorily as certained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny and Cranial Morphology of the Tympanic Region of the Tupaiidae, with Special Reference to Ptilocercus

Zeller¹

1986

IJFP

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The structure of the tympanic region of the skull of Ptilocercus lowii was studied in an embryo of 30 mm crown-rump length and in 5 osteocrania. As in Tupaia, the anterior wall of the bulla of Ptilocercus is not completed by a tympanic process of the alisphenoid, contrary to earlier reports. Ptilocercus resembles Tupaia in the following derived characters. The ventral wall of the tympanic cavity is formed by a rostral entotympanic and by a caudal tympanic process of the petrosal. The entotympanic develops in primary connection with the tubal cartilage. The tympanic aperture of the auditory tube is bordered by the entotympanic. The ring-shaped tympanicum is covered by the entotympanicum and is aphaneric. The musculus tensor tympani is lacking. Among mammals, these characters can be regarded as synapomorphic for the Tupaiidae, that is, to have been present in the common ancestor of the two subfamilies. From the evidence of the tympanic region, the Tupaiidae, therefore, form a monophyletic group.

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“…1980]. Among haplorhine primates, a functional vomero nasal organ occurs in the tarsier Tarsius (Starck, 1975] and New World monkeys [Maier, 1980], but it is said to be reduced (e.g. in relative length and epithelial thickness).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on the Vomeronasal Organ of the Colugo <i>Cynocephalus</i> (Mammalia, Dermoptera)

Bhatnagar

Wible²

1994

Cells Tissues Organs

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This paper presents the first description of a functional vomeronasal organ in the colugo or ‘flying lemur’ Cynocephalus, the sole living representative of the order Dermoptera (Mammalia). The vomeronasal organ complex comprises patent nasopalatine and vomeronasal ducts, a 10-mm-long epithelial tube consisting of an 8- to 10-cell thick, 65-µm-tall neurosensory epithelium, the vomeronasal nerve, and the accessory olfactory bulb. The vomeronasal glands are sparse. Among mammals, the vomeronasal organ of the colugo is one of the relatively longest, at nearly 48% of nasal cavity length. It is exceeded among archontans (colugos, bats, primates, and tree shrews) only by that of the strepsirhine primate Microcebus murinus.

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The Development of the Chondrocranium in Primates

Cited by 69 publications

References 17 publications

In Favor of the Necrolemur-Tarsier Hypothesis

In Favor of the Necrolemur-Tarsier Hypothesis

Ontogeny and Cranial Morphology of the Tympanic Region of the Tupaiidae, with Special Reference to Ptilocercus

Observations on the Vomeronasal Organ of the Colugo <i>Cynocephalus</i> (Mammalia, Dermoptera)

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