The Development of the Chinese Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire

Zhu, Hui; Shen, Lei; Yuan, Chaoqun; Xu, Shunqing; Leng, Zhen-Hua; Fu, Zhujun; Xiao, Yunhua; Hu, Liu

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000001080

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The CIXTQ is a condition‐specific, patient‐derived quality‐of‐life questionnaire for IXT 40 . This questionnaire was first developed in English and then translated and validated in Chinese 41 . The purpose of this questionnaire was to evaluate the influence of IXT on health‐related quality of life among children and their parents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A baseline visit was arranged for eligible participants. Interpupillary distance, dominant eye, the Fusion Maintenance Score, 39 Worth 4-dot test, fusional vergence, near point of convergence, amplitude of accommodation, vergence facility and the CIXTQ 40,41 were performed at the baseline visit.…”

Section: Baseline Visitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 This questionnaire was first developed in English and then translated and validated in Chinese. 41 The purpose of this questionnaire was to evaluate the influence of IXT on healthrelated quality of life among children and their parents. The questionnaire was composed of child, proxy and parent sub-questionnaires (12, 12 and 17 items, respectively).…”

Section: Clinical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy for the treatment of small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial

Ma,

Kang,

Scheiman

et al. 2023

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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PurposeTo evaluate the short‐term (1 week after completion of treatment) effect of office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy (OBVAT) on the Office Control Score when compared to observation alone in children with small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia (IXT).MethodsIn this single‐masked (examiner masked), two‐arm, single‐centre randomised clinical trial, 40 participants, 6 to <18 years of age with untreated IXT, were randomly assigned to OBVAT or observation alone. Participants assigned to therapy received 60 min of OBVAT with home reinforcement once per week for 16 weeks. Therapy included vergence, accommodation and anti‐suppression techniques. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of the distance Office Control Score between the two groups at the primary outcome visit (i.e., 17‐week follow‐up visit).ResultsAt the primary outcome visit, the OBVAT group (n = 20) had a significantly better distance Office Control Score (adjusted mean difference: −0.9; 95% CI: −0.2 to −1.5; p = 0.008; partial eta squared: 0.19) than the observation group (n = 16). Participants from the OBVAT group were more likely than those from the observation group to have ≥1 point of improvement at the 17‐week visit (OBVAT group: 75%; Observation group: 25%; p = 0.006).ConclusionsIn this randomised clinical trial of participants aged 6 to <18 years with IXT, we found that the OBVAT group had a significantly better distance Office Control Score than the observation group at the 17‐week visit. This study provides the first data from a randomised clinical trial demonstrating the effectiveness of OBVAT for improving the control of IXT. Eye care practitioners should consider OBVAT as a viable, non‐surgical treatment option for IXT. A full‐scale randomised clinical trial investigating the long‐term effectiveness of OBVAT in treating IXT is warranted.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Baseline Visitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy for the treatment of small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial

Ma,

Kang,

Scheiman

et al. 2023

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…IXT is a common condition that affects patients of all ages [1] . The prevalence of IXT is high, about 1%-5% in the population, and it ranks the first among exotropia of all ages in China [2] . It not only affects the appearance of patients, but also leads to the impairment of binocular vision function and eye movement abnormality [3] , which causes different degrees of psychosocial problems and affects the quality of life of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although IXT is always found in children, IXT may finally progress to constant exotropia and has a serious influence on quality of life in adults [8] . The Chinese version of the adult strabismus quality of life assessment scale (CAS-20) was translated and improved on the basis of the CAS-20 version of AS-20, which has good reliability and validity [9][10][11] . This study used the CAS-20 to evaluate the impact of IXT on the quality of life of adult patients in comparison with normal subjects and other strabismus patients (except IXT), to explore the factors Quality of life in adult intermittent exotropia affecting the quality of life of patients with IXT, so as to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of IXT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of life in adult intermittent exotropia and the risk factors

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Bai³

et al. 2021

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To study the quality of life of adult patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) in China and analyze the factors affecting the quality of life in IXT patients. METHODS: Totally 109 cases of normal eye (control group), 77 cases of IXT (IXT group) and 115 cases of strabismus control group (except IXT) were collected. The quality of life of the patients was assessed by Chinese version of adult strabismus patient's quality of life scale (CAS-20). The differences of general characteristics, visual function and quality of life were analyzed, and the effects of individual factors and visual function on quality of life of patients with IXT were analyzed. RESULTS: The IXT group had a high proportion of patients with family history, low proportion of patients with amblyopia compared with strabismus control group. The proportion with normal near and far stereopsis of IXT group were lower than that of normal control group. The best corrected visual acuity of IXT group was higher than that of strabismus control group, but lower than the control group. In addition, the median strabismus degree in IXT group was higher than that in other strabismus control group. The median psychosocial scores and median visual function scores of the IXT group was lower than that of the normal control group, but not different from strabismus control group. Occupation status, course of disease, far stereopsis and near stereopsis significantly affected the quality of life in IXT patients. CONCLUSION: Adult IXT patients in China have a certain proportion of family history and lower quality of life, The main factors affecting the quality of life of IXT patients is stereopsis, course of disease and occupation status.

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Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics

Ma,

Scheiman

2023

Strabismus

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The Development of the Chinese Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire

Abstract: The CIXTQ is a useful tool to evaluate the influence of IXT on health-related quality of life among Chinese IXT children and their parents.

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy for the treatment of small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial

Office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy for the treatment of small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial

Quality of life in adult intermittent exotropia and the risk factors

Divergence excess and basic exotropia types of intermittent exotropia: a major review. Part 1: prevalence, classification, risk factors, natural history and clinical characteristics

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