The Development of Special Economic Zones and Industrial Parks in Russia

An Economic Analysis of Brownfield and Greenfield Industrial Parks Investment Projects: A Case Study of Eastern Slovakia

“…In Russia, industrial parks are used to develop and diversify exports, create jobs, and launch technology and knowledge sharing based on rivalry and supplier networks, the combination of geographical specificities and government policies of the industrial cluster concept. It was found that these initiatives strongly interfere with business activities and prevent competitiveness and collaboration in this area [ 30 ].…”

“…The knowledge of how to set up and equip brownfields, as well as to compile appropriate revitalization brownfield models, is a prerequisite for both searching successful brownfield sites and evaluating their development potential for industrial park areas [ 28 , 29 ]. For industrial investors who are coming to the domestic market, there are very attractive corporate tax deductions that they can apply for in several consecutive tax periods, or they have so-called “tax holidays” [ 30 ]. Other benefits that investors use are support from the Office of Labor, Social Affairs, and Family to create jobs, especially for disadvantaged job seekers [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

“…have so-called "tax holidays" [30]. Other benefits that investors use are support from the Office of Labor, Social Affairs, and Family to create jobs, especially for disadvantaged job seekers [31][32][33].…”

What Agglomeration Externalities Impact the Development of the Hi-tech Industry Sector? Evidence from the Russian Regions

“…First, this industry sector is essentially underfunded in Russian regions due to the current challenging economic situation in the country (Serebryakova et al, 2018;Lyapina et al, 2019). Secondly, although the government strives to stimulate the formation of clusters in Russia, companies struggle to cooperate and establish business networks, due to various institutional factors, such as cultural peculiarities (Sosnovskikh, 2017), business uncertainty (Grigoriev and Dekalchuk, 2017), and relationships with the government itself (Sharafutdinova and Steinbuks, 2017). Third, our tests revealed an absence of lag between investments (input) and results (density of the used high-technologies).…”

China’s tax and non-tax instruments responding to its weakening attractiveness to foreign capital

“…Wang (2013) conducted an empirical study to a set of Chinese dataset at municipal level and found out that the programs / projects within Chinese special economic zones enhanced foreign direct investment, however, for zones established later the benefits in economic growth and wage increase were smaller while the distortions in firm location behaviour were larger than those zones set up earlier, furthermore, municipalities with multiple special economic zones experienced bigger effects than those with only one zone 11 . Sosnovskikh (2017) made an investigation to Russia's formation and operation of special economic zones and the result revealed that Russia's policies aimed to encourage export, job creation and technology / knowledge diffusion had strongly interfered with business's activities and thus prevented business from conducting competition and collaboration within these zones 12 . Parwez and Sen (2016) discussed the negative effects linked with the land supply in India for the creation of special economic zones, emphasized that governments' forcible acquisition of agriculture lands from local farmers had caused large-scale unemployment and sometimes the lands were not used for intended productive sectors and infrastructure but for real estate projects or even remained unutilized 13 .…”