The article presents a study aimed at studying the relationship between involvement in various types of socially significant activities and the structural elements of responsibility in schoolchildren. The study was conducted in the form of an online survey in 2020 (N = 85 students aged 11 to 17). Study methods are "Responsibility-110" methodology (V.P. Pryadein and O.V. Mukhlynina) and a questionnaire survey. The results are as follows: 1) schoolchildren are more massively involved in athletic (over 50% of the respondents) and creative (about 30%) activities; 2) the breadth of participation in different types of activities correlates with the responsibility characteristics; 3) differences were found in the structure of responsibility among schoolchildren involved in athletic and creative activities. The authors conclude that the breadth and content of schoolchildren's social activities are related to the structure of their responsibility. The results of the study expand the understanding of the relationship between involvement in socially significant activities and the structure of schoolchildren's responsibility. The limitations of the study indicate that a deeper study of responsibility in the context of social activity is needed in the future.