The development of secondary tails in young axolotls after local x‐ray ibradiation

Brunst, V. V.; Figge, Frank

doi:10.1002/jmor.1050890108

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Effect of irradiation upon intact limbs. In view o f the abilities of axolotls to form accessory structures after irradiation of intact extremities [4][5][6], this was considered to be a necessary control. Two months after the irradiation of intact forelimbs with 2,220r, no evidence of any type of supernumerary growth was seen.…”

Section: X-irradiation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xirradiation has been assumed to affect mitotic rate [3], morpho genetic control of the limb stump [14,19], a nervous mediation necessary for regeneration [31] and RNA in the limb [16,17]. Beryl lium, on the other hand, has been thought to inhibit regeneration by inactivating local wound factors [13], interfering with normal epidermal-mesodermal interrelationships at the wound surface [27][28][29] or by actual tissue destruction [22], It is important to note, however, that both X-irradiation [4][5][6] and beryllum [2], when applied to intact limbs, have been reported to stimulate the formation of supernumerary limbs. The mechanism for this paradoxical effect of the two inhibitors is not known, but it has been suggested [14] that such treatment breaks the continuity of certain tissue arcs which control the normal growth and form of limbs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effect of X-irradiation and Beryllium Nitrate upon Implant-induced Supernumerary Limb Formation in the Newt

Bm¹

1970

Oncology

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1. In an experimental system of implant-induced supernumerary limb formation in the newt, two inhibitors of limb regeneration, X-rays and beryllium nitrate, were individually applied to either the frog kidney implants or to the host limb. 2. Kidney implants irradiated with 2,220 r or 3,000 r induced normal percentages of supernumerary limbs whereas normal implants placed into limbs previously irradiated with 2,000–4,000 r did not stimulate any supernumerary growth. 3. Implants soaked in N/7 beryllium nitrate for two minutes stimulated normal percentages of supernumerary growth, but, when normal implants were placed into beryllium-treated limbs, no regenerative response was noted. 4. Neither X-irradiation nor beryllium nitrate inactivate the ‘factor’ in frog kidney which induces supernumerary limb formation. When host limbs were treated with these inhibitors, dedifferentiation was blocked and a regenerative response did not occur despite the presence of an adequate stimulus in the form of the kidney implant. It is concluded that these inhibitors disrupt some phase of the process occurring between the initial stimulus and the onset of overt dedifferentiation.

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Section: X-irradiation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of X-irradiation and Beryllium Nitrate upon Implant-induced Supernumerary Limb Formation in the Newt

Bm¹

1970

Oncology

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An experimental analysis of the development of the spinal column. Part II. The dispensability of the notochord

Holtzer

1952

J. Exp. Zool.

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Studies on the mechanism of implant‐induced supernumerary limb formation in urodeles. I. The histology of supernumerary limb formation in the adult newt, triturus viridescens

Carlson

1967

J. Exp. Zool.

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Supernumerary structures were formed in adult Triturus forelimbs following subcutaneous implantation of pieces of frog kidney. The gross and microscopic events in supernumerary limb formation were described in this paper. The first few days after implantation comprise a stage of wound healing and phagocytosis, the latter by both the epidermis and inflammatory cells of the host. Following this the tubular portions of the implant degenerate. During the height of this degeneration, the first dedifferentiated cells of the host are seen. These cells increase in number and gather around a central focus to form a blastema. From the blastema, first cartilage and then muscle differentiate, and elongation proceeds concomitantly with this differentiation. The final result of the kidney implant may be no growth at all, periosteal chondrification not preceded by a blastema or a true supernumerary structure ranging in complexity from a cartilaginous nodule to a fully developed supernumerary limb. The results of this experiment indicate that aside from the initial stimulus and the ultimate degree of morphogenetic complexity attained, the development of a supernumerary structure is very similar to the regeneration of an amputated limb.

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The development of secondary tails in young axolotls after local x‐ray ibradiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

The Effect of X-irradiation and Beryllium Nitrate upon Implant-induced Supernumerary Limb Formation in the Newt

The Effect of X-irradiation and Beryllium Nitrate upon Implant-induced Supernumerary Limb Formation in the Newt

An experimental analysis of the development of the spinal column. Part II. The dispensability of the notochord

Studies on the mechanism of implant‐induced supernumerary limb formation in urodeles. I. The histology of supernumerary limb formation in the adult newt, triturus viridescens

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