The development of respect in young athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background The practice of sports can lead to the development of values such as respect, self-control, effort, autonomy and leadership. However, sport can only foster educational habits and values if it is properly timed and specifically focused towards that end. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of interventions on the development and promotion of respect in the practice of sport among young people. Methods A systematic search was conducted, according to the guidelines of the PRISMA declaration, in the Web of Science (WOS), PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Google Scholar and SportDiscus databases. A total of 6 articles were considered to meet the inclusion criteria for the promotion of respect. Criteria for inclusion included: the full text needed to be available; it should be written in one of the selected languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese; it should be an intervention, an experimental or quasi-experimental study or a randomized controlled trial. Each manuscript was independently reviewed by three authors of this work. Results The results of the meta-analyses showed that the Siedentop sports education model, and Hellison’s personal and social responsibility model (TPRS), had significant improvements regarding respect for opponents (total effect size = 0.39, small effect, with 95% Confidence Interval of 0.07 to 0.72). In addition, these models, along with another programme called Fair Play, also achieved significant increases as regards respect for the social conventions of sport (total effect size = 0.67, moderate effect, with 95% IC from 0.25 to 1.10). Conclusions In conclusion, the use of interventions related to the above-mentioned models is recommended when it is intended to encourage respect for opponents and social conventions. These considerations could be useful to both teachers and coaches in order to further cultivate these important attitudes.

In Life as in Sport: Implications of a Program to Educate Spanish Youth on Values

“…With this in mind, numerous studies point to the importance of the educational aspect of sport in fomenting positive values. For this to occur, planning educational tasks is paramount, as the sport itself does not inherently transmit values or countervalues (Giménez et al, 2015;Lamoneda Prieto, 2015;Ros and Mármol, 2016;Iturbide-Luquin and Elosua-Oliden, 2017a,b;Abad Robles et al, 2021;International Fair Play Committee, 2021;Mujica Johnson and Orellana Arduiz, 2021).…”

Reliability and Interrater Agreement: Development and Validation of a Universal Values in Sport Instrument

“…Overall, the universal values instrument holds promise for promoting the ethical development of athletes and fostering a culture of respect and integrity in sports worldwide. It is poised to make meaningful contributions to the well-being of athletes and the broader sports community (Abad Robles et al 2021;Hafiar et al 2024;Juhrodin et al 2023;Manges et al 2022). As this instrument continues to evolve, further research and application will undoubtedly enhance its potential to shape the future of ethical sports participation and character development.…”