“…Early CNP work environment research identified physician relations as the greatest barrier to practice; however, as CNP roles evolve, research findings suggest relationships have improved between CNPs and physician colleagues (Schirle, Norful, et al, 2018), and in some instances, physician colleagues are described as facilitators of CNP practice (Poghosyan et al, 2013). As interactions increase between CNPs and physician colleagues, collaboration, trust and positive attitudes towards one another improve (DiCicco‐Bloom & Cunningham, 2015; Meyer, Zapatka, & Brienza, 2015; Schadewaldt, McInnes, Hiller, & Gardner, 2013). Contrary to CNPs, as the percentage of time CRNAs spend working with anaesthesiologists increases, perceptions of collaborative practice decrease (Taylor, 2009).…”