The Development of Plant-to-Plant Variability in Maize at Different Planting Densities

Edmeades, G.O.; Daynard, T. B.

doi:10.4141/cjps79-095

Cited by 111 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An increase in PD at emergence resulted in a corresponding decline in EPP; the linear relationship indicated negative correlation (R 2 = 0.53), being noted in agreement with some reports in literature (Edmeades & Daynard, 1979). According Edmeades and Daynard (1979) as plant density is increased, the ratio of ear growth rate (i.e.…”

Section: Relationship Between Plant Density At Emergence and Ears Persupporting

confidence: 78%

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Effect of Male Planting Date and Female Plant Population on Hybrid Maize Yield and Evaluation of Use of Hybrid-Maize Simulation Model for Grain Yield Estimation in Hybrid Maize Seed Production

Musundire¹,

Dari²,

MacRoberts³

et al. 2018

JAS

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The study was carried out to determine the effect of male planting date (MPD) and female plant population (FPP) on the grain yield (GY) performance of a three-way hybrid and to evaluate Hybrid-Maize simulation model for grain yield estimation in hybrid seed maize production. Fifteen treatment combinations of five MPD as a deviation from the female planting date and three FPP replicated three times were used. The Hybrid-Maize simulation model programme was used to forecast the possible GY outcomes for the fifteen treatments of the experiment using estimated parameters and weather data for the 2006/7 season. The field experiment produced significant (P < 0.005) main effects but non-significant interaction effects for GY, yield components and antheis-silking interval (ASI). Female seed yield was affected by time of male pollen shed relative to female silking: ASI, with highest yields associated with close synchrony (ASI= +/-3 days). ASI had a significant effect on the number of kernels per ear (KPE), with the greatest KPE (318) associated with an ASI of +/-3 days. FPP effects on yield are typical for maize, showing a curvilinear response from low to high density. The optimum population density for GY was 5.4 plants m -2 . Simulation output from the Hybrid-Maize simulation model showed an overestimation of GY compare to the observed yield. Furthermore, the model was unable to predict yields for the low FPP of 2.7 plants m -2 . We found that Hybrid-Maize simulation model has limited potential for simulating hybrid maize seed production, as it does not accommodate limitations that may occur during the growing season: difference in male and female planting dates, pollen density and dispersion. Hence, the fixed parameters for the Hybrid-Maize simulation model can only be used in maize commercial production.

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Section: Relationship Between Plant Density At Emergence and Ears Persupporting

confidence: 78%

“…According Edmeades and Daynard (1979) as plant density is increased, the ratio of ear growth rate (i.e. rachis + developing grain) to total shoot growth declines drastically.…”

Section: Relationship Between Plant Density At Emergence and Ears Permentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Male Planting Date and Female Plant Population on Hybrid Maize Yield and Evaluation of Use of Hybrid-Maize Simulation Model for Grain Yield Estimation in Hybrid Maize Seed Production

Musundire¹,

Dari²,

MacRoberts³

et al. 2018

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the basis of the model of Edmeades and Daynard (1979) and the results of Andrade et al (1999), kernel number (KN) was estimated from the mean plant growth rate (PGR) between 130 degree days before and 260 degree days after flowering,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Yield Impacts of Organ-Level Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Drought Response in Maize: A “Gene-to-Phenotype” Modeling Approach

et al. 2009

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Under drought, substantial genotype-environment (G 3 E) interactions impede breeding progress for yield. Identifying genetic controls associated with yield response is confounded by poor genetic correlations across testing environments. Part of this problem is related to our inability to account for the interplay of genetic controls, physiological traits, and environmental conditions throughout the crop cycle. We propose a modeling approach to bridge this ''gene-to-phenotype'' gap. For maize under drought, we simulated the impact of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling two key processes (leaf and silk elongation) that influence crop growth, water use, and grain yield. Substantial G 3 E interaction for yield was simulated for hypothetical recombinant inbred lines (RILs) across different seasonal patterns of drought. QTL that accelerated leaf elongation caused an increase in crop leaf area and yield in wellwatered or preflowering water deficit conditions, but a reduction in yield under terminal stresses (as such ''leafy'' genotypes prematurely exhausted the water supply). The QTL impact on yield was substantially enhanced by including pleiotropic effects of these QTL on silk elongation and on consequent grain set. The simulations obtained illustrated the difficulty of interpreting the genetic control of yield for genotypes influenced only by the additive effects of QTL associated with leaf and silk growth. The results highlight the potential of integrative simulation modeling for gene-to-phenotype prediction and for exploiting G 3 E interactions for complex traits such as drought tolerance.

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“…Moreover, at higher plant densities, leaf area per plant is decreased in later phases of growth, 40% increased in LAI at high plant density from mid-vegetative to early grain fill even though per plant biomass decreased 40 to 60% at high plant density [41][42][43]. This decreased in per plant biomass reduces in photosynthetic rate per plant which increased plant barrenness [44] as plant population increased [43,45]. According to morphology plant height is very important factor which is affected by plant density.…”

Section: Plant Density Effect On Canopy Morphology Of Maize Cropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Maize Grown Under High Plant Density; Performance, Issues and Management - A Critical Review

Sher¹,

Khan²,

Cai³

et al. 2017

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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Modern cropping is based on relatively high plant density. The improved grain yield per unit area of modern maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids is due to the increased optimum plant population rather than the improved grain yield per plant. High plant density has been widely used to enhance grain yield in maize. Subsequently we review the effect of planting density on physiology, phenology, morphology, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency grain yield information in maize crop. At higher plant populations reduced grain yield also results from the increased pollento-silking interval and the following barrenness. However, it may lead to higher risk lodging hence causing significant yield loss of the crop. Future insights are morphological and physiological basis controlling barren and stalk lodging resistance. How root traits, and anatomy of sheath and stem of maize plants correspond to high plant population and a further study on the physiological and biological basis of organ development that may govern the mechanisms of high plant density would be essential for future research.

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The Development of Plant-to-Plant Variability in Maize at Different Planting Densities

Cited by 111 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Male Planting Date and Female Plant Population on Hybrid Maize Yield and Evaluation of Use of Hybrid-Maize Simulation Model for Grain Yield Estimation in Hybrid Maize Seed Production

Effect of Male Planting Date and Female Plant Population on Hybrid Maize Yield and Evaluation of Use of Hybrid-Maize Simulation Model for Grain Yield Estimation in Hybrid Maize Seed Production

Simulating the Yield Impacts of Organ-Level Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Drought Response in Maize: A “Gene-to-Phenotype” Modeling Approach

Response of Maize Grown Under High Plant Density; Performance, Issues and Management - A Critical Review

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