For some time now, emerging markets have played an ever-more important role on the global economic stage. Today they account for half of the world's GDP and are a key driver of global growth. At the same time, a new group of countries is getting more and more attention, including from global investors. These are fast-growing low-income countries often referred to as frontier economies.Within Asia, this group includes countries such as Bangladesh, Cambodia, Mongolia, and Vietnam. They are located in the world's fastest-growing region and benefit from favorable population dynamics. Many of these economies face similar macroeconomic and institutional challenges. Will they become the next generation of emerging markets? What are the policy lessons that might be relevant for other low-income countries?This book addresses these questions, based on our experience of working with Asia's emerging, frontier, and developing economies over many years. We highlight that continued structural transformation and increased emphasis on inclusive growth will be critical to achieve the full potential of these countries. Also, drawing on the success of today's emerging markets, high growth and rapid structural transformation needs to be complemented by increased investment in "soft" infrastructure to avoid crises down the road. In particular, to realize the strong potential of frontier and developing Asia, upgrading of monetary and fiscal policy frameworks and continued strengthening of financial sector regulation and supervision will be critical.The IMF is contributing to the progress the frontier economies are making through our ongoing policy dialogue, analytical work, and capacity building. I am confident that this book will contribute to this effort and also raise awareness around the globe of the great potential that Asia's frontier economies have to lift their countries to a new level of widely shared growth and well-being of their citizens.