The development of general practice as an academic discipline in Germany - an analysis of research output between 2000 and 2010

Schneider, Antonius; Großmann, Nadine; Linde, Klaus

doi:10.1186/1471-2296-13-58

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…All institutes have at least a small research activity, but only Zurich has enough resources resulting in a substantial amount of research projects and publications. Compared to Germany, where the development of academic primary care is slightly more advanced [34], the research output in Zurich is comparable to leading German institutes [37,38], even though a gap still exits compared to countries where academic primary care is much more developed (United Kingdom, The Netherlands) [39]. Furthermore the research output of the institute in Zurich is comparable to other medical specialties at the University of Zurich [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary care at Swiss universities - current state and perspective

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that a strong primary care is a cornerstone of an efficient health care system. But Switzerland is facing a shortage of primary care physicians (PCPs). This pushed the Federal Council of Switzerland to introduce a multifaceted political programme to strengthen the position of primary care, including its academic role. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the situation of academic primary care at the five Swiss universities by the end of year 2012.ResultsAlthough primary care teaching activities have a long tradition at the five Swiss universities with activities starting in the beginning of the 1980ies; the academic institutes of primary care were only established in recent years (2005 – 2009). Only one of them has an established chair. Human and financial resources vary substantially. At all universities a broad variety of courses and lectures are offered, including teaching in private primary care practices with 1331 PCPs involved. Regarding research, differences among the institutes are tremendous, mainly caused by entirely different human resources and skills.ConclusionSo far, the activities of the existing institutes at the Swiss Universities are mainly focused on teaching. However, for a complete academic institutionalization as well as an increased acceptance and attractiveness, more research activities are needed. In addition to an adequate basic funding of research positions, competitive research grants have to be created to establish a specialty-specific research culture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary care at Swiss universities - current state and perspective

et al. 2014

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“…Publication lists were obtained directly from the departments, institutes and division and/or from their websites. Articles published until 2010 had been originally searched and identified for a previous review on any original research publication done by researchers at German academic family medicine departments [7, 8]. Articles published between 2011 and 2014 were identified by updated searches.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The full text was obtained for all remaining articles. For our previous review project [7], these were any articles potentially reporting original data. All articles actually reporting original data were then analysed for study topic and bibliographical and methodological characteristics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantity, topics, methods and findings of randomised controlled trials published by German university departments of general practice – systematic review

Heinmüller

Schneider

Linde

2016

Trials

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BackgroundAcademic infrastructures and networks for clinical research in primary care receive little funding in Germany. We aimed to provide an overview of the quantity, topics, methods and findings of randomised controlled trials published by German university departments of general practice.MethodsWe searched Scopus (last search done in April 2015), publication lists of institutes and references of included articles. We included randomised trials published between January 2000 and December 2014 with a first or last author affiliated with a German university department of general practice or family medicine. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool, and study findings were quantified using standardised mean differences (SMDs).ResultsThirty-three trials met the inclusion criteria. Seventeen were cluster-randomised trials, with a majority investigating interventions aimed at improving processes compared with usual care. Sample sizes varied between 6 and 606 clusters and 168 and 7807 participants. The most frequent methodological problem was risk of selection bias due to recruitment of individuals after randomisation of clusters. Effects of interventions over usual care were mostly small (SMD <0.3). Sixteen trials randomising individual participants addressed a variety of treatment and educational interventions. Sample sizes varied between 20 and 1620 participants. The methodological quality of the trials was highly variable. Again, effects of experimental interventions over controls were mostly small.ConclusionsDespite limited funding, German university institutes of general practice or family medicine are increasingly performing randomised trials. Cluster-randomised trials on practice improvement are a focus, but problems with allocation concealment are frequent.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1328-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Der Allgemeinarzt soll auch weiterhin einen Großteil der Behandlung selbst bestreiten und aus der Hausarztpraxis heraus die Koordination von Behandlungsmaßnahmen über Sektoren und Berufsgruppen hinweg vornehmen [6]. Dabei unterstützen Hausärzte Patienten, ihre eigenen Ressourcen selbstständig und aktiv zu nutzen [7]. Durch individuelle und gemeinsame Abwägung durch Arzt und Patient von potenziellem Nutzen und Schaden von Diagnostik und Therapie bietet die hausärztliche Versorgung den besten Schutz vor zu viel und falscher Medizin [8,10].…”

Section: Selbstverständnis Der Allgemeinmedizinunclassified

“…Seit etwa 20 Jahren ist ein zunehmendes "öffent-lich-politisches Bewusstsein für die Bedeutung der Primärver-sorgung" feststellbar, das sich u. a. durch Förderung von Lehrstuhleinrichtungen, Weiterbildungsinitiativen sowie Projekten zur Versorgungsforschung und Qualitätsförderung ausdrückt [6]. Entsprechend vervierfachte sich die Anzahl von Originalpublikationen aus der deutschen Allgemeinmedizin innerhalb der letzten 10 Jahre auf nunmehr über 100 jährlich, und voll ausgestattete allgemeinmedizinische Lehrstühle existieren mittlerweile an der Mehrzahl der medizinischen Fakultäten [7].…”

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