The Development of Filler Morphology in Dental Resin Composites: A Review

Liu, Jiani; Zhang, Hao; Sun, Huijun; Liu, Yanru; Liu, Wenlin; Su, Bo; Li, Shibao

doi:10.3390/ma14195612

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…Even silanized nano-fillers tend to agglomerate. The agglomerated particles prevent the penetration of the resin, so a poorer bond is created between the filler and the resin in such a polymerized material [ 53 ]. Silane molecules, primarily if present in unbound form as found in filler particles having excessive silanization or particle agglomeration, easily hydrolyze upon exposure to water, thus creating diffusion pathways that facilitate further water sorption [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites

et al. 2022

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This study evaluated the behavior of a new generation of bulk-fill resin composites after prolonged exposure to an aqueous environment and accelerated aging in ethanol. Six bulk-fill materials were tested (Tetric PowerFill, Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Fill-Up!, Tetric PowerFlow, SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable) and compared to two conventional reference materials (Tetric EvoCeram and Tetric EvoFlow). Flexural strength, modulus, and Weibull parameters were examined at three time points: 1 day, 30 days, and 30 days followed by ethanol immersion. Degree of conversion after 30 days, water sorption, and solubility up to 90 days were also investigated. Filtek One Bulk Fill had the highest flexural strength and modulus among the tested materials, followed by Tetric PowerFill and SDR plus. Flexural strength and modulus of high-viscosity bulk-fill materials showed higher stability after accelerated aging in ethanol compared to their low-viscosity counterparts and reference materials. After 30 days, the degree of conversion was above 80% for all tested materials. Dual-cure material Fill-Up! was the best-cured material. The water sorption was highest for Fill-Up!, Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, and Tetric EvoFlow, while solubility was highest for Tetric EvoCeram. After aging in water and ethanol, new generation high-viscosity bulk-fill materials showed better mechanical properties than low-viscosity bulk-fill and conventional composites under extended light curing conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resin composite consists of a resin matrix (20–30 wt%), filler (70–80 wt%), and a small amount of catalyst or initiator [ 51 ]. Increasing the filler content and degree of polymerization improves the mechanical properties of resin composite [ 25 , 51 ]. Resin composite with predominantly a combination of large and small particles of the filler, so-called hybrid types, is frequently used to increase filler content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, resin composite for indirect restoration can improve the degree of polymerization through light irradiation and heating [ 25 , 28 ]. Therefore, the filler size, shape, and degree of polymerization of the resin composite affect tooth enamel wear [ 25 , 51 ]. However, it must be mentioned that the wear behaviors of tooth enamel are different between ceramics and resin composite [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

et al. 2022

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Tooth enamel wear occurs because of daily mastication and occlusion. This study investigated the wear behavior of bovine teeth against aesthetic restorative materials in vitro. Abrader specimens were fabricated using four tooth-colored restorative materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, dental porcelain, and resin composite), with bovine tooth enamel as a control. Flattened bovine tooth enamel was used as the substrate specimen. These materials were characterized by Vickers hardness tests and surface roughness measurements. Two-body wear tests between the abrader and substrate specimens were performed, and the worn topographies were evaluated using a contour-measuring instrument and 3D laser microscope. The restorative materials and bovine tooth enamel had similar surface roughness but different hardness and wear behaviors. Bovine teeth showed the largest wear in tooth–tooth contact as the abrader and substrate specimens. Compared to bovine teeth, zirconia, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and dental porcelain showed greater hardness and less wear on their surfaces, and less substrate wear of the opposite tooth enamel. The lowest hardness resin composite showed intermediate wear on its surface, resulting in the lowest substrate wear. Accordingly, dentists should pay attention to the selection of restorative materials to reconstruct their morphologies owing to different wear behaviors.

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“…To overcome this issue, the present study focused on the development of porous fillers to improve the mechanical properties of PMMA-based resins. Porous filler containing continuous internal pores can form a mechanically interlocked structure at the interface between the infiltrated resin and filler surface [ 16 ]. Porous fillers have the potential to avoid degradation of the properties of the PMMA-based resin when a large amount of filler is added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Based Resin Containing a Nanoporous Silica Filler

Hata

Ikeda

Nagamatsu

et al. 2022

JFB

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Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based resins have been conventionally used in dental prostheses owing to their good biocompatibility. However, PMMA-based resins have relatively poor mechanical properties. In the present study, a novel nanoporous silica filler was developed and introduced into PMMA-based resins to improve their mechanical properties. The filler was prepared by sintering a green body composed of silica and an organic binder, followed by grinding to a fine powder and subsequent silanization. The filler was added to photocurable PMMA-based resin, which was prepared from MMA, PMMA, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and a photo-initiator. The filler was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis, nitrogen sorption porosimetry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The PMMA-based resins were characterized by SEM and FT-IR, and the mechanical properties (Vickers hardness, flexural modulus, and flexural strength) and physicochemical properties (water sorption and solubility) were evaluated. The results suggested that the filler consisted of microparticles with nanopores. The filler at 23 wt % was well dispersed in the PMMA-based resin matrix. The mechanical and physicochemical properties of the PMMA-based resin improved significantly with the addition of the developed filler. Therefore, such filler-loaded PMMA-based resins are potential candidates for improving the strength and durability of polymer-based crown and denture base.

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The Development of Filler Morphology in Dental Resin Composites: A Review

Cited by 33 publications

References 105 publications

Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites

Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites

Wear Behavior between Aesthetic Restorative Materials and Bovine Tooth Enamel

Dental Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Based Resin Containing a Nanoporous Silica Filler

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