The development of catecholaminergic nerves in the spinal cord of rat. II. Regional development

Commissiong, John W.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(83)90203-1

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The maturation of the serotonin projection follows a rostral-to-caudal gradient with the adult pattern appearing at 14 days in the cervical cord and 21 days in the thoracic and lumbar cord (39). Norepinephrine also appears early in the spinal cord and steadily increases until postnatal day 14 and then decreases (40,41). The density in the (1997) cervical spinal cord is greater than in the lumbar cord at all stages (40,41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Norepinephrine also appears early in the spinal cord and steadily increases until postnatal day 14 and then decreases (40,41). The density in the (1997) cervical spinal cord is greater than in the lumbar cord at all stages (40,41). Because spinal monoamines are significantly involved in descending inhibition of nociception, the insufficiency of these neurotransmitters at the caudal spinal level in 10-day-old rats would impair inhibitory mechanisms, thus sparing the effects of sucrose and suckling on hindpaw sensitization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Ren

Blass

Zhou

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Sweet taste and nonnutritive suckling produce analgesia to transient noxious stimuli in infant rats and humans. The present study evaluated the pain-modulating effects of sucrose and suckling in a rat model of persistent pain and hyperalgesia that mimics the response to tissue injury in humans. Fore-and hindpaw withdrawal latencies from a 30؇ or 48؇C brass stylus were determined in 10-day-old rats following paw inf lammation induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA; 1:1 injected s.c. in a 0.01 ml volume). CFA markedly decreased escape latencies to both 48؇ and 30؇C stimulation, thereby demonstrating thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. The combination of nonnutritive suckling and sucrose (7.5%, 0.01-0.06 ml͞min) infusion markedly increased escape latencies to forepaw stimulation in both CFA-treated and control rats. In contrast, intraoral sucrose and suckling did not increase hindpaw withdrawal latencies in either control or CFA-inf lamed rats. The effect was specific to sweet taste because neither water nor isotonic saline infusion affected forepaw escape latencies. Parallel findings were obtained for CFA-induced Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI), a marker of neuronal activation. Fos-LI was selectively induced in cervical and lumbar regions ipsilateral to forepaw and hindpaw inf lammation, respectively. Suckling-sucrose treatment significantly reduced Fos-LI at the cervical but not at the lumbar regions. These findings demonstrate: (i) the development of persistent pain and hyperalgesia in 10-day-old rats that can be attenuated by endogenous pain-modulating systems activated by taste and nonnutritive suckling; (ii) the mediation of the sucrose-suckling analgesia and antihyperalgesia at the spinal level; and (iii) a differential rostrocaudal maturation of descending pain-modulating systems to the spinal cord of 10-day-old rats. These findings may provide new clinical approaches for engaging endogenous analgesic mechanisms in infants following tissue injury and inf lammation.Pain is a serious clinical problem in premature, newborn, and young infants that arises from medical or surgical intervention or traumatic injury. Although the commonly held view that infants do not perceive pain has been refuted (1), the fear that anesthetic agents produce respiratory depression, apnea, and hypotension in this population persists, and insufficient pain control remains an important clinical problem following common medical or surgical procedures (2). Recent behavioral studies demonstrating orogustatory and orotactile-induced analgesia hold considerable potential for the future management of pain in newborns through noninvasive means that engage endogenous analgesic systems (3, 4). In particular, calming, analgesia, and (in humans) bradycardia can be induced via sweet (sucrose, fructose, or glucose) or milk stimulation, but not lactose in both rat (5-8) and human infants (9-14).The calming and analgesic effects of orogustatory stimulation appear to be opioid-mediated. Sucrose-and milk-induced calming and a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Ren

Blass

Zhou

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Both DA and NE can be manipulated pharmacologically in the brain by FD 18 (Coyle and Henry, 1973). At FD 16 and FD 18, a-and p-adrenergic receptors become detectable in the spinal cord (Ross et al, 1982), at a time when NE is present at a small fraction of its adult values (Commissiong, 19836). In the hypothalamus, NE metabolism peaks (in terms of MHPG production) long before NE levels attain their adult concentrations (Kohno et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of Catecholamines in the Developing Spinal Cord of the Rat

Jw¹

1985

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The metabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (DA, dopamine) and norepinephrine (NE) both normally, and after the administration of levo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), has been studied in several regions of the developing spinal cord of the rat from fetal day (FD) 16 to the young adult stage. During late fetal (from FD 16) and most of neonatal life [to neonatal day (ND) 20], dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were either just detectable or present in very low concentration in all regions in the untreated developing rat. However, the developing spinal cord possesses an enormous capacity to metabolize the large amounts of DA synthesized from injected L-DOPA. At the end of 1 h after 100 mg/kg i.p. of L-DOPA, DOPAC and HVA are 54 +/- 14 (n = 5) and 16 +/- 5 (n = 5) nmol/g, respectively, in the thoracic zona intermedia in the 12-h-old (ND 0.5) rat. This metabolic capability is already highly developed as early as FD 16, peaks during the first half of neonatal life (ND 4 for DOPAC, and ND 15 for HVA), and is considerably reduced toward the end of neonatal life (approximately ND 28) and in the young adult. Control experiments suggest that a substantial part of this synthesis (from L-DOPA) and metabolism of DA occurs in elements other than the descending monoaminergic nerve fibers. By comparison, the synthesis and metabolism of NE develop more slowly, peak in the latter half of neonatal life, and then decline to the level found in the young adult.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…These data suggest that other inputs from the medulla may speed up the maturation processes. Among possible descending inputs, noradrenergic inputs could be candidate because they invade the spinal cord at early stages (Commissiong, 1983) but not before 5-HT inputs (Rajaofetra et al, 1989;Ballion et al, 2002). Moreover, peptidergic inputs described as colocalized in 5-HT axons must be considered as well as GABA descending inputs that are expressed in 5-HT axons (Hokfelt et al, 2000).…”

Section: -Ht Receptors Involved In the Transient Expression Of The Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenic Changes of the Spinal GABAergic Cell Population Are Controlled by the Serotonin (5-HT) System: Implication of 5-HT₁Receptor Family

Allain¹,

Meyrand²,

Branchereau³

2005

J. Neurosci.

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During the development of the nervous system, the acquisition of the GABA neurotransmitter phenotype is crucial for neural networks operation. Although both intrinsic and extrinsic signals such as transcription factors and growth factors have been demonstrated to govern the acquisition of GABA, few data are available concerning the effects of modulatory transmitters expressed by axons that progressively invade emerging neuronal networks. Among such transmitters, serotonin (5-HT) is a good candidate because serotonergic axons innervate the entire CNS at very early stages of development. We have shown previously that descending 5-HT slows the maturation of inhibitory synaptic transmission in the embryonic mouse spinal cord. We now report that 5-HT also regulates the spatiotemporal changes of the GABAergic neuronal population in the mouse spinal cord. Using a quantitative confocal study performed on acute and cultured spinal cords, we find that the GABAergic population matures according to a similar rostrocaudal temporal gradient both in utero and in organotypic culture. Moreover, we show that 5-HT delays the appearance of the spinal GABAergic system. Indeed, in the absence of 5-HT descending inputs or exogenous 5-HT, the GABAergic population matures earlier. In the presence of exogenous 5-HT, the GABA population matures later. Finally, using a pharmacological approach, we show that 5-HT exerts its action via the 5-HT 1 receptor family. Together, our data suggest that, during the course of the embryonic development, 5-HT descending inputs delay the maturation of lumbar spinal motor networks relative to brachial networks.

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The development of catecholaminergic nerves in the spinal cord of rat. II. Regional development

Cited by 43 publications

References 83 publications

Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Metabolism of Catecholamines in the Developing Spinal Cord of the Rat

Ontogenic Changes of the Spinal GABAergic Cell Population Are Controlled by the Serotonin (5-HT) System: Implication of 5-HT₁Receptor Family

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The development of catecholaminergic nerves in the spinal cord of rat. II. Regional development

Cited by 43 publications

References 83 publications

Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Suckling and sucrose ingestion suppress persistent hyperalgesia and spinal Fos expression after forepaw inflammation in infant rats

Metabolism of Catecholamines in the Developing Spinal Cord of the Rat

Ontogenic Changes of the Spinal GABAergic Cell Population Are Controlled by the Serotonin (5-HT) System: Implication of 5-HT1Receptor Family

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ontogenic Changes of the Spinal GABAergic Cell Population Are Controlled by the Serotonin (5-HT) System: Implication of 5-HT₁Receptor Family