The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound

Beltz, Katylynn

doi:10.25148/etd.fi13040501

Cited by 8 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…With the threat of serious injury or death, it is critical that explosive detection canines reliably train on a wide representation of both low and high explosives [36][37][38][39]. Headspace SPME was performed at different position placements on different types of explosives, and the results (figure 6) revealed that the odourant, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) was present in both 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT; high explosive) and doublebased smokeless powders (low explosive) [40]. Furthermore, Harper et al [36].…”

Section: (B) Explosivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty-one different explosive materials evaluated revealed that there were three common VOCs: DNT, trinitroglycerine (NG) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2E1H), with DNT being the common odourant in all the explosives sampled ( figure 6). Similar analysis of a wide variety of explosive types resulted in the development of a six-member prototype training aid kit consisting of COMPS for 'plasticized, TNT-based, nitroglycerine-based, and tagged explosives, as well as for smokeless powders' [40,41]. This kit differed from others in that the substances used for the COMPS were safe to handle and could reduce the number of odours an explosive detection canine needed to be trained on.…”

Section: (B) Explosivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using this device, the canine handler is able to produce documentation showing that the detection canine was working within acceptable limits when particular tests or field deployments were completed, allowing the detection canine to be as objective and reliable as a laboratory instrument. To determine the odour that would be most suitable for the UDC, several compounds were evaluated using specific selection criteria, as seen in figure 11 [40]. One such compound, 1-bromooctane, meets the selection requirements and can be used as both a biological and instrumental calibrant [40].…”

Section: The Development Of a Universal Detector Calibrantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the use of odour as forensic evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and canines

Furton

Caraballo

Cerreta

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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This paper explores the advances made in identifying trace amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate from forensic specimens, such as drugs, explosives, live human scent and the scent of death, as well as the probative value for detecting such odours. The ability to locate and identify the VOCs liberated from or left by forensic substances is of increasing importance to criminal investigations as it can indicate the presence of contraband and/or associate an individual to a particular location or object. Although instruments have improved significantly in recent decades—with sensitivities now rivalling that of biological detectors—it is widely recognized that canines are generally still more superior for the detection of odourants due to their speed, versatility, ruggedness and discriminating power. Through advancements in the detection of VOCs, as well as increased standardization efforts for instruments and canines, the reliability of odour as evidence has continuously improved and is likely to continue to do so. Moreover, several legal cases in which this novel form of evidence has been accepted into US courts of law are discussed. As the development and implementation of best practice guidelines for canines and instruments increase, their reliability in detecting VOCs of interest should continue to improve, expanding the use of odour as an acceptable form of forensic evidence.

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Section: (B) Explosivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (B) Explosivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Development Of a Universal Detector Calibrantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the use of odour as forensic evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and canines

Furton

Caraballo

Cerreta

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Currently, a variety of containment systems including glass and plastic containers are utilized for training aids storage. International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI), for example has designed an optimal containment system using three levels of containment to provide the lowest potential of contamination and to guarantee the preservation of the explosive vapors [59]. In general, an optimal training aid is one that represents no risk to the dog and the handler, is long lasting, difficult to contaminate and requires no special conditions.…”

Section: Training Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds have to be always used in combination as the use of acetone or hydrogen peroxide alone as a training aid can provide high false alerts to other common containing compounds [59 ].…”

Section: Training Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training

Ms¹,

Claudia²

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Enhancing Odor Analysis with Gas Chromatography–Olfactometry (GC-O): Recent Breakthroughs and Challenges

Mahmoud,

Zhang

2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Gas chromatography−olfactometry (GC-O) has made significant advancements in recent years, with breakthroughs in its applications and the identification of its limitations. This technology is widely used for analyzing complex odor patterns. The review begins by explaining the principles of GC-O, including sample preparation, separation methods, and olfactory evaluation techniques. It then explores the diverse range of applications where GC-O has found success, such as food and beverage industries, environmental monitoring, perfume and aroma development, and forensic analysis. One of the major breakthroughs in GC-O analysis is the improvement in separation power and resolution of odorants. Techniques like rapid GC, comprehensive twodimensional GC, and multidimensional GC have enhanced the identification and quantification of odor-active chemicals. However, GC-O also has limitations. These include the challenges in detecting and quantifying trace odorants, dealing with matrix effects, and ensuring the repeatability and consistency of results across laboratories. The review examines these limitations closely and discusses potential solutions and future directions for improvement in GC-O analysis. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in GC-O, covering breakthroughs, applications, and limitations. It aims to promote the wider usage of GC-O analysis in odor analysis and related industries. Researchers, practitioners, and anyone interested in leveraging the capabilities of GC-O in analyzing complex odor patterns will find this review a valuable resource. The article highlights the potential of GC-O and encourages further research and development in the field.

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The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Advances in the use of odour as forensic evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and canines

Advances in the use of odour as forensic evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and canines

Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training

Enhancing Odor Analysis with Gas Chromatography–Olfactometry (GC-O): Recent Breakthroughs and Challenges

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