The development of bone metastases as the first sign of metastatic spread in patients with primary solid tumours

Abstract

The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of bone metastases as the first sign of metastatic spread in patients with primary solid malignant tumours. Between January 1987 and December 1998, we treated 867 patients suffering from primary solid malignant tumours. Their average age was 67 (range: 30-96) years and all were thoroughly investigated with a complete physical examination and laboratory tests as well as imaging studies and bone scans. No bone metastases were found at the time of the initial diagnosis, and the patients were then re-assessed every 6 months for the first 5 years and then once a year. We found that, regardless of treatment, bone metastases appeared in a certain number of patients and that after excluding patients with prostate cancer a bone metastasis was the first sign of "recurrence" in 1.3% of the patients with a known primary solid malignant tumour.RØsumØ Le but de cette Ø tude r Ø trospective Ø tait de rapporter la fr Ø quence des m Ø tastases osseuses comme premier signe m Ø tastatique, chez des patients ayant une tumeur solide primitive connue. De janvier 1987 à dØcembre 1998 nous avons traitØ 867 malades souffrant de tumeurs solides primitives. Leur âge moyen Øtait de 67 (30-96) ans. Tous les malades ont eu un examen complet y compris les Øtudes d'imagerie et la scintigraphie osseuse. Aucune mØtastase osseuse n'a ØtØ trouvØ au diagnostic initial. Les malades ont ØtØ ØvaluØs tous les 6 mois pendant les 5 premi res annØes et ensuite une fois par an. Sans tenir compte du traitement, nous avons constatØ que les mØtastases osseuses apparaissaient chez un certain nombre de malades. En excluant les malades avec un cancer prostatique, les mØtastases osseuses Øtaient le premier signe de rØcidive chez 1,3% des malades avec une tumeur solide primitive connue.

Calcitonin Increases Tumorigenicity of Prostate Cancer Cells: Evidence for the Role of Protein Kinase A and Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Receptor

“…PC is the most common human male cancer that causes high degree of morbidity and mortality, mainly due to metastases of these tumors to various distal organs, and particularly to the bone (3,(52)(53)(54)(55). These distal lesions are often refractory to conventional therapies and continue to grow, resulting in high mortality associated with metastatic PC (56)(57)(58).…”

Calcitonin increases invasiveness of prostate cancer cells: Role for cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A in calcitonin action

“…[58][59][60][61] These distal lesions are often refractory to conventional therapies and continue to grow, resulting in high mortality associated with metastatic prostate cancer. [62][63][64] Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that the expression of CT and its receptor is upregulated with the progression of prostate carcinoma.…”

Calcitonin stimulates the secretion of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator from prostate cancer cells: Its possible implications on tumor cell invasion

“…In this environment, the cells often develop an androgen-independent state resulting in patient demise. 8,9 There is evidence of high correlation between tumor growth, increasing tumor grade, neuroendocrine differentiation and microvessel density. 7,[10][11][12] Primary PC cells have been shown to secrete several neuropeptides, including bombesin, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide and calcitonin (CT).…”