The development of an integrated audiovisual coding standard: MPEG

Chiariglione, Leonardo

doi:10.1109/5.364469

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Since a standard is always a constraint of freedom, it is important to make it as minimally constraining as possible [8]. To MPEG this means that a standard must offer the maximum of advantages by specifying the minimum necessary, allowing for competition and for evolution of technology in the so-called "non-normative" areas.…”

Section: Figure 1 -The Mpeg-4 Object-based Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standards must offer interoperability, across countries, services and applications, and no more a "system driven approach" by which the value of a standard is limited to a specific, vertically integrated, system. This brings us to the tool-kit approach by which a standard must provide a minimum set of relevant tools, which after assembled, according to industry needs, provide the maximum interoperability at a minimum complexity, and very likely cost [8]. The success of MPEG standards is mainly based on this tool-kit approach, bounded by the "one functionality, one tool" principle.…”

Section: How: the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to fulfill these objectives, MPEG follows a development process with some major steps [8] The process above is not rigid: some steps may be taken more than once and iterations are sometimes needed (and happened in MPEG-4). The time schedule is however always closely observed by MPEG.…”

Section: How: the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It allows services with combinations of the traditionally different service models: "broadcast", "(on-line) interaction" and "communication". As such, MPEG-4 addresses "convergence" defined as the proliferation of multimedia in all kinds of services and on all types of (access) networks.Since a standard is always a constraint of freedom, it is important to make it as minimally constraining as possible [8]. To MPEG this means that a standard must offer the maximum of advantages by specifying the minimum necessary, allowing for competition and for evolution of technology in the so-called "non-normative" areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

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MPEG-4: Why, what, how and when?

Pereira

2000

Signal Processing: Image Communication

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Section: Figure 1 -The Mpeg-4 Object-based Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How: the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How: the Processmentioning

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MPEG-4: Why, what, how and when?

Pereira

2000

Signal Processing: Image Communication

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“…The use of a lossy source model, justified by the fact that it generally can provide significantly higher compression ratios compared to lossless models, has the drawback that an error in the reconstruction of data must be accepted. Lossy source models have become very popular in the last decade in the field of audio and video compression for their remarkable performance [7][8][9][10]. Lossy models have been carefully designed so that reconstruction errors are not perceived using psycovisual or psycoacoustic models or they remain comparable with the intrinsic signal noise.…”

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confidence: 99%

Compression of TPC data in the ALICE experiment

Nicolaucig

Mattavelli

Carrato

2002

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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In this paper two algorithms for the compression of the data generated by the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detector of the ALICE experiment at CERN are described. The first algorithm is based on a lossless source code modeling technique, i.e. the original TPC signal information can be reconstructed without errors at the decompression stage. The source model exploits the temporal correlation that is present in the TPC data to reduce the entropy of the source. The second algorithm is based on a source model which is lossy if samples of the TPC signal are considered one by one. Conversely, the source model is lossless or quasi-lossless if some physical quantities that are of main interest for the experiment are considered. These quantities are the area and the location of the center of mass of each TPC signal pulse.Obviously entropy coding is applied to the set of events defined by the two source models to reduce the bit rate to the corresponding source entropy. Using TPC simulated data according to the expected ALICE TPC performance, the lossless Preprint submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 5 October 2001and the lossy compression algorithms achieve a data reduction respectively to 49.2%and in the range of 34.2% down to 23.7% of the original data rate. The number of operations per input symbol required to implement the compression stage for both algorithms is relatively low, so that a real-time implementation embedded in the TPC data acquisition chain using low-cost integrated electronics is a realistic option to effectively reduce the data storing cost of ALICE experiment.

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Optical flow-based motion compensation algorithm for very low-bit-rate video coding

Shi¹,

Lin²,

Zhang³

1998

Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol.

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In this article, we propose an efficient compression algorithm for very low‐bit‐rate video applications. The algorithm is based on (a) an optical‐flow motion estimation to achieve more accurate motion prediction fields; (b) discrete cosine transformation (DCT) coding of the motion vectors from the optical‐flow estimation to reduce the motion overheads; and (c) an adaptive threshold technique to match optical flow motion prediction and minimize the residual errors. Unlike the classic block‐matching based DCT video coding schemes in MPEG‐1/2 and H.261/3, the proposed algorithm uses optical flow for motion compensation and the DCT is applied to the optical flow field instead of predictive errors. Thresholding techniques are used to treat different regions to complement optical flow technique and to efficiently code residual data. While maintaining a comparable peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and computational complexity with that of ITU‐T H.263/TMN5, the reconstructed video frames of the proposed coder are free of annoying blocking artifacts, and hence visually much more pleasant. The computer simulation are conducted to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. Results at 11 kbps are presented which can be used for videophone applications in the existing public switched telephone network (PSTN). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 9, 230–237, 1998

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The development of an integrated audiovisual coding standard: MPEG

Cited by 77 publications

References 0 publications

MPEG-4: Why, what, how and when?

MPEG-4: Why, what, how and when?

Compression of TPC data in the ALICE experiment

Optical flow-based motion compensation algorithm for very low-bit-rate video coding

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