The development of a scale to assess control in pain management during labour

McCrea, Hally; Wright, Marion E.; Stringer, Maurice

doi:10.1080/02646830050008350

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…25 It is difficult to discern, however, if these findings are due to control during labor or the other constructs included in the scale-or indeed any combination of these. A further questionnaire was developed to assess control over pain during birth, 26 although this only covers one dimension of control that may be relevant to women's experience and response to birth. Thus, although there is a range of measures of control available, there is currently no comprehensive scale that focuses on different dimensions of control during birth without overlap with broader constructs, such as beliefs and desires about control.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of Maternal Perceptions of Support and Control in Birth (SCIB)

Ford

Ayers

Wright

2009

Journal of Women's Health

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractBackground: High control and support during labor are associated with improved birth outcomes and increased maternal satisfaction with the birth experience, but measures of control and support are varied and often unidimensional. This paper reports the development and validation of a questionnaire measure of support and control in birth for use in research on birth experience and outcomes. Methods: Study 1 interviewed women after birth (n ϭ 10) to identify important dimensions of control and support. In study 2 (n ϭ 402), the Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) questionnaire was developed, with three dimensions of internal control, external control, and support, which was completed by women who had given birth.Results: Principal components analysis identified a 33-item, three-component solution, which accounted for 55% of the variance and had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.86-0.93). Conclusions:Overall, these studies suggest the SCIB provides a reliable and comprehensive measure of support and control in birth.

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of Maternal Perceptions of Support and Control in Birth (SCIB)

Ford

Ayers

Wright

2009

Journal of Women's Health

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“…It might be argued that the rules, which the women felt applied to pain relief, were reflections of their attitudes rather than actual behaviours. To take account of this methodological problem, nonparticipant observations were carried out by one of the researchers (McCrea) using a subsample of the women participants ( n =15) and midwives ( n =11) to investigate whether the rules measured prior to childbirth were applied in practice (McCrea 1996). Consistency between labours observed was maintained using a framework based on the rules of the five subscales.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social policies on maternity care are also encouraging a closer partnership between clients and health professionals (Department of Health 1993). Women themselves are indicating that they would like to control what happens to them (McCrea 1996), but there are clearly individual differences. Some women may benefit from being ‘in control’ whereas others may find it stressful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social situations such as the labour ward are made up in part of goals, for example personal control, and rules which define how the goals will be achieved (Argyle & Henderson 1990). The term control is used in the broadest sense to include rules relating to (a) information on and choice in pain relief (b) active participation in decision‐making (c) use of personal coping resources (d) planning for control and (e) compliance with professional care (McCrea 1996). Rules as stated define the behaviours, which are deemed appropriate/inappropriate for each player in a given social situation (Argyle & Henderson 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personal control in pain relief during labour

Wright¹,

McCrea²,

Stringer³

et al. 2000

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Personal control is a central feature of women's involvement in their childbirth experiences. To achieve this control tacit rules and guidelines are applied to define how women and the professionals who care for them should behave. This study investigated the extent to which women exercised control in pain relief during the first stage of labour by comparing (a) the rules which they held prior to childbirth (2-3 cm cervical dilatation) with those which they afterwards felt applied to their labour and (b) the rules held by the women before and after childbirth with those held by the midwives. In a quantitative study using a repeated measures design, a questionnaire was administered to 35 midwives and to 100 women prior to and within 24 hours following their delivery. Consistency of the women's scores before and after childbirth, indicated by few statistically significant differences, tended to confirm their rules on control of pain relief. Some of the rules were held even more strongly following childbirth. A surprising finding was the even stronger agreement by midwives with some of the rules. There was a definite trend for many of the rules held by the women prior to childbirth to increase following birth towards those of the midwives. This could be the result of the experience of childbirth per se but the possibility that it was contributed to by the influence of the midwives cannot be ruled out and warrants further research. An interesting hierarchy in the rules for compliance with professional care has been highlighted.

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“…A recent study developing a scale to assess pain control during labour did not incorporate self-efficacy theory (McCrea et al, 2000). One reason the authors chose not to use Bandura's theory is that self-efficacy expectancies change with each phase of labour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of self-efficacy expectancies and labour pain

Larsen¹,

O'Hara²,

Brewer³

et al. 2001

J. Reproductive Inf. Psychol.

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Thirty-seven nulliparous women recruited from Lamaze classes rated their selfefficacy to use the pain coping strategies taught in these classes as well as the importance and anticipated outcome of using these strategies. Prior to labour, these ratings were obtained for each phase Ð early, active, and transitionalÐ of the first stage of labour. During labour, women completed three pain inventories, one for each phase, with the help of their labour partner. Prelabour ratings indicated that women's certainty of their ability to use coping strategies decreased as they anticipated each successive phase of the first stage of labour. Self-efficacy expectancies for the early and active phases of the first stage of labour predicted approximately 20% of the variance in pain levels for these phases, respectively. However, self-efficacy expectancies did not predict levels of transitional labour pain. After accounting for self-efficacy expectancies, importance and outcome ratings did not explain additional variance in pain levels for any phase of the first stage of labour. While higher self-efficacy ratings predicted lower levels of pain in early and active labour, it is unclear why women's beliefs in their ability to use coping strategies did not explain variance in transitional pain levels.

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The development of a scale to assess control in pain management during labour

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Measurement of Maternal Perceptions of Support and Control in Birth (SCIB)

Measurement of Maternal Perceptions of Support and Control in Birth (SCIB)

Personal control in pain relief during labour

A prospective study of self-efficacy expectancies and labour pain

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