The Development of a Sampling System for Determining Odor Emission Rates from Areal Surfaces: Part I. Aerodynamic Performance

Abstract

An improved portable odor sampling system (OSS) of the wind tunnel type was designed to determine odor emissions from areal sources. The aerodynamics of the odor emission hood was observed using a number of smoke tests and dry ice tests. The velocity profiles were also measured horizontally and vertically in the hood by an anemometer. Modifications in the form of an extension inlet duct, flat vanes, and a baffle were necessary to achieve repeatable, uniform, and steady velocity profiles inside the hood. The optimum velocity for use of the OSS was found to be 0.33 m/s, based upon the aerodynamic performance of the OSS and the sensitivity of the anemometer at a lower velocity.

A Review of Ammonia Emissions From Confined Swine Feeding Operations

“…They include wind tunnels (Lockyer, 1984;Olesen and Sommer, 1993;Sommer et al, 1993;Van der Weerden et al, 1996;Loubet et al, 1999aLoubet et al, , 1999b, convective flux chambers (Heber et al, 2002b;Lim et al, 2003), and dynamic chambers (Svensson, 1994;Jiang et al, 1995;Sommer and Jacobsen, 1999;Aneja et al, 2000). These techniques typically have controlled airflow rates and turbulent conditions inside the chamber.…”

Odor Flux Measurements at a Facultative Swine Lagoon Stratified by Surface Aeration

“…The desired surface air speed was established by adjusting the autotransformer-controlled, variable-speed, centrifugal blower to predetermined settings and verifying air speed inside the BCFC with a hot-wire anemometer (Model 440, Kurz, Inc., Monterey, Calif.) during sampling. A surface air speed of 1.0 m/s was targeted to match air speeds used by others (Jiang et al, 1995;Misselbrook et al, 1998). However, post-calibration of the anemometer indicated the actual air speed was 1.1 m/s, at which the residence time of air in the BCFC was 2.2 s and the airflow rate was 55 L/s.…”

“…Jiang et al (1995) constructed and tested a stainless steel BCFC that was 0.40 m wide, 0.25 m high, and 0.80 m long with a liquid exposure area of 0.32 m 2 and a cross-sectional area of 0.1 m 2 . A similar BCFC with a liquid exposure area of 0.23 m 2 was constructed and tested by Schmidt et al (1999) for measuring odor flux from manure storage basins.…”

Near Surface Soil Vapor Clusters for Monitoring Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Soils

“…Surface direct methods include surface isolation flux chambers (SIFCs) [2][3][4][5] headspace samplers, 6 and wind tunnels. 7,8 Although SIFCs are commonly used to estimate VOC and HAP emissions from hazardous waste disposal and remediation sites, measured emission rates have been shown to be highly dependent on sweep gas flow rate and gas pressure drop across the chamber 5 and may, therefore, give a biased estimate of emissions. In addition, because of dilution of emissions with the sweep gas, cryogenic or sorbent tube trapping is required to achieve low detection levels with these systems.…”