The Development of a Representative Porcine Early-Onset Scoliosis Model With a Standalone Posterior Spinal Tether

Bogie, Rob; Roth, Alex K.; Willems, Paul; Weegen, Walter van der; Arts, Jacobus J.; Rhijn, L.W. van

doi:10.1016/j.jspd.2016.09.002

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In that study we similarly found rotation, but limited to 9 degrees and only minimal coronal deformation of 6 degrees, which cannot be regarded as a suitable model for scoliosis [7]. In the current mini-pig model, including a contralateral tether, the mean coronal curves were 19 degrees, which we consider as relevant although smaller than other studies where more aggressive techniques were used in faster growing animals [14,15,[30][31][32]. However, more important than coronal curve size is that the curves are consistent, the spine remains mobile and includes all 3D characteristics, including axial rotation and anterior lengthening in the disk, of idiopathic scoliosis [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…A surrogate method is to investigate the ability of the individual or combined components to induce and subsequently reduce scoliosis-like deformities in a growing animal model. Rigorous induction methods like rib fusions or unilateral rods that fuse the spine are less optimal from that perspective, as the deformity is often very rigid, uniplanar, unpredictable, and thus behaves more like a congenital scoliosis [9,14,15]. A more relevant induction method is through unilateral flexible posterior tethering [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rigorous induction methods like rib fusions or unilateral rods that fuse the spine are less optimal from that perspective, as the deformity is often very rigid, uniplanar, unpredictable, and thus behaves more like a congenital scoliosis [9,14,15]. A more relevant induction method is through unilateral flexible posterior tethering [15,16]. However, the fixations often fail especially due to the large forces generated during the growth spurt in domestic large animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This diminishes the tension on the bone-implant interface [17,18]. While unilateral flexible posterior tethering has been able to induce a flexible scoliosis, not much rotation is achieved [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of a representative idiopathic-like scoliosis in a porcine model using a multidirectional dynamic spring-based system

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Scoliosis is a 3D deformity of the spine in which vertebral rotation plays an important role. However, no treatment strategy currently exists that primarily applies a continuous rotational moment over a long period of time to the spine, while preserving its mobility. We developed a dynamic, torsional device that can be inserted with standard posterior instrumentation. The feasibility of this implant to rotate the spine and preserve motion was tested in growing mini-pigs. PURPOSE: To test the quality and feasibility of the torsional device to induce the typical axial rotation of scoliosis while maintaining growth and mobility of the spine. STUDY DESIGN: Preclinical animal study with 14 male, 7 month old Gottingen mini-pigs. Comparison of two scoliosis induction methods, with and without the torsional device, with respect to 3D deformity and maintenance of the scoliosis after removal of the implants. METHODS: Fourteen mini-pigs received either a unilateral tether-only (n=6) or a tether combined with a contralateral torsional device (n=8). X-rays and CT-scans were made post-operative, at 8 weeks and at 12 weeks. Flexibility of the spine was assessed at 12 weeks. In 3 mini-pigs per condition, the implants were removed and the animals were followed until no further correction was expected. RESULTS: At 12 weeks the tether-only group yielded a coronal Cobb angle of 16.8 §3.3˚For the tether combined with the torsional device this was 22.0 §4.0˚. The most prominent difference at 12 weeks was the axial rotation with 3.6 §2.8˚for the tether-only group compared to 18.1 §4.6˚for the tether-torsion group. Spinal growth and flexibility remained normal and comparable for both groups. After removal of the devices, the induced scoliosis reduced by 41% in both groups. There were no adverse tissue reactions, implant complications or infections. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates the ability of the torsional device combined with a tether to induce a flexible idiopathic-like scoliosis in mini-pigs. The torsional device was necessary to induce the typical axial rotation found in human scoliosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of a representative idiopathic-like scoliosis in a porcine model using a multidirectional dynamic spring-based system

et al. 2021

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“…Epiphyseal block technology is an orthopedic method that completely or partially blocks the process of osteogenesis by changing the symmetrical area and pressure of the epiphyseal plate; it reverses the original growth asymmetry of bone tissues, using the growth imbalance to correct the deformity [12]. Currently, this technology has been widely used in the treatment of limb inequality and scoliosis, using U-shaped nails and tethers [13,14]. However, traditional epiphyseal block techniques involve open surgery, and an internal fixation device is implanted to regulate the growth potential or mechanical stress of the vertebral growth plate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of microwave ablation of the vertebral growth plate for spine growth regulation: a preliminary study

Wang

Xie

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hyperthermia

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Purpose: To explore the feasibility of microwave ablation (MWA) of the vertebral growth plate as a minimally invasive treatment for early-onset scoliosis. Materials and methods: One side of the L1-L3 vertebral growth plates were ablated using different MWA powers. Ablation safety and size were examined. Subsequently, L1-L3 vertebral growth plates were ablated on one side for 40 s at 20 W. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the ablation, growth changes of the spine were observed. Results: No piglets died during and after ablation, and all had modified Tarlov Grade 5. The safe MWA time (time for safely ablating the vertebral growth plate) was 17.0 ± 1.5 s at 50 W, 23.0 ± 2.3 s at 40 W, 31.0 ± 3.1 s at 30 W, 47.0 ± 3.7 s at 20 W, 70.0 ± 4.2 s at 15 W, and 158.0 ± 5.0 s at 10 W. With power <15 W, the vertebral growth plate could not be effectively ablated within the safe ablation time. Within the safe ablation times, the MWA size on hematoxylin and eosin slices on a transverse diameter was between 7 and 10 mm; and that on longitudinal diameter was mainly determined by the ablation needle length. Moreover, the growth plate and annulus fibrosus on the ablated side grew poorly over time, the vertebral body showed significant wedge-shaped changes, and the spine showed significant unbalanced growth. Conclusion: MWA of the vertebral growth plate can be performed safely when accompanied with appropriate thermometry, and could be a new minimally invasive strategy in regulating spine growth.

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Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Early-onset Scoliosis

Ashebo,

Anari,

Cahill

2023

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med

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The Development of a Representative Porcine Early-Onset Scoliosis Model With a Standalone Posterior Spinal Tether

Abstract: Level V.

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Induction of a representative idiopathic-like scoliosis in a porcine model using a multidirectional dynamic spring-based system

Induction of a representative idiopathic-like scoliosis in a porcine model using a multidirectional dynamic spring-based system

Feasibility of microwave ablation of the vertebral growth plate for spine growth regulation: a preliminary study

Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Early-onset Scoliosis

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