“…The regime approach develops empirical relationships between dimensional measures of estuarine features, such as cross-sectional area, and their relationship to hydrodynamic variables such as tidal flow (e.g. Dennis et al, 2000). Bottom-up methods rely on solving the dynamic equations for water and sediment transport, using calibration and validation data derived from shortterm measurements.…”
“…The regime approach develops empirical relationships between dimensional measures of estuarine features, such as cross-sectional area, and their relationship to hydrodynamic variables such as tidal flow (e.g. Dennis et al, 2000). Bottom-up methods rely on solving the dynamic equations for water and sediment transport, using calibration and validation data derived from shortterm measurements.…”
“…Any total exclusion barrage removes the upstream tidal prism which places the remnant system out of equilibrium. As a general rule, a loss of tidal prism will produce sedimentation (Dennis et al, 2000). To regain equilibrium, the remnant estuary must either increase its tidal prism, or reduce its cross-sectional area.…”
“…However, the requirement for topographic data has changed with the shift in emphasis from the parameterization of essentially morphological models (and a concern with derived measures, such as those associated with channel cross-sectional geometry), to models with a more detailed and spatially explicit representation of processes. In particular, the application of numerical hydraulic models to problems involving floodplain inundation and sedimentation (Bates et al, 1996;Nicholas and Walling, 1997), river channel dynamics (Lane and Richards, 1998;Booker et al, 2001) and estuarine process regimes (Dennis et al, 2000;Prandle and Lane, 2000) has led to a renewed interest in form as an important control on process. Such concerns are especially pertinent to the latest applications of high-resolution 2-and 3D models.…”
This paper considers the application of airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR) to the provision of elevation data at accuracies and spatial densities commensurate with the current generation of high-resolution hydraulic models. Three sets of issues are addressed with reference to a Telemac 2D model of a morphologically complex estuary in eastern England. First, the quality of airborne LiDAR data is assessed via multiscale calibration against surveyed sections and supplementary control points. Second, image processing techniques are used for (i) identification of multiple regions of interest within large LiDAR mosaics; (ii) subregional infilling of voids left by data 'drop-outs'; (iii) filtering and subsampling to match topographic information content with model resolution and the density of the computational mesh. Third, the implications of improved terrain data are considered with reference to the estimation of elevations and potential tidal volumes for a number of discrete flood compartments and the modelling of hypothetical inundation scenarios. After minor offset correction to ensure registration with local benchmarks, the quality of LiDAR elevation data within a 12 km ð 4 km coverage is found to be consistent with the published specification (š0Ð10 to š0Ð15 m). Image-processing tools provide an efficient means of managing information content and interfacing this with the GIS-based functionality of the preprocessing software used in conjunction with the hydraulic model. The accuracy and spatial resolution of the LiDAR data allow the identification of subtle but important topographic variations between adjacent flood compartments. In many cases, differences in model results obtained using these data relative to previously estimated average flood compartment elevations are small. Importantly, however, LiDAR provides topographic information at an accuracy and resolution close to the present limits of model representation. Reliable representation of form allows the modeller to concentrate on the physical aspects of model parameterization, whilst minimizing the conflation of parameter effects with those of poorly constrained geometric representation.
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