The developing role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of congenital cardiac anomalies: A systematic review

Loomba, Rohit S.; Chandrasekar, Suraj; Shah, Pratik; Sanan, Prateek

doi:10.4103/0974-2069.84665

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This was the only manual intervention required for the complete postprocessing pipeline. Realtime images were then reconstructed using Equation [2], following the process described in the original k-t SENSE method (18).…”

Section: Highly Accelerated Dynamic Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal cardiac cine imaging using highly accelerated dynamic MRI with retrospective motion correction and outlier rejection

Amerom

Lloyd

Price

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeDevelopment of a MRI acquisition and reconstruction strategy to depict fetal cardiac anatomy in the presence of maternal and fetal motion.MethodsThe proposed strategy involves i) acquisition and reconstruction of highly accelerated dynamic MRI, followed by image‐based ii) cardiac synchronization, iii) motion correction, iv) outlier rejection, and finally v) cardiac cine reconstruction. Postprocessing entirely was automated, aside from a user‐defined region of interest delineating the fetal heart. The method was evaluated in 30 mid‐ to late gestational age singleton pregnancies scanned without maternal breath‐hold.ResultsThe combination of complementary acquisition/reconstruction and correction/rejection steps in the pipeline served to improve the quality of the reconstructed 2D cine images, resulting in increased visibility of small, dynamic anatomical features. Artifact‐free cine images successfully were produced in 36 of 39 acquired data sets; prolonged general fetal movements precluded processing of the remaining three data sets.ConclusionsThe proposed method shows promise as a motion‐tolerant framework to enable further detail in MRI studies of the fetal heart and great vessels. Processing data in image‐space allowed for spatial and temporal operations to be applied to the fetal heart in isolation, separate from extraneous changes elsewhere in the field of view. Magn Reson Med 79:327–338, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Highly Accelerated Dynamic Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal cardiac cine imaging using highly accelerated dynamic MRI with retrospective motion correction and outlier rejection

Amerom

Lloyd

Price

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…CMR avoids exposure to ionizing radiation, and at present, there is no evidence that short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields of 1.5 T or less harms the fetus [2,16,17]. CMR has the potential to expand its ability to image the fetal congenital cardiovascular abnormalities [9,18]. The very preliminary work presented here suggests that diagnoses of fetal congenital cardiovascular anomalies can be obtained in most patients using fetal CMR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On SSFP images, blood is characterized by a high signal intensity, thereby improving the blood-to-tissue contrast at the endocardial surface, and thus permitting the cardiac chambers and vessels to be imaged [3,18]. On non-gated cine MR images, the movements of the atria and the ventricles are reproduced as a video, thus allowing the cardiac kinetics to be evaluated, especially cardiac valve regurgitation and shunt which are not seen on the static SSFP images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary experience with cardiovascular magnetic resonance in evaluation of fetal cardiovascular anomalies

Dong

Zhu

2013

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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BackgroundThe cardiovascular system is the part of the fetal anatomy that most frequently suffers from congenital pathology. This study shows our preliminary experience with fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to evaluate congenital cardiovascular abnormalities.MethodsBetween January 2006 and June 2011, Prenatal routine obstetric ultrasound (US), echocardiography and CMR data from 68 pregnant women carrying fetuses with congenital cardiovascular anomalies were compared with postnatal diagnoses (postnatal imagings, surgery and autopsy). All prenatal CMR was performed at 1.5 T. Imaging sequences included steady-state free-precession (SSFP) sequences, real-time SSFP and single-shot turbo spin echo (SSTSE) sequences. The images were analyzed with an anatomic segmental approach by two radiologists.ResultsFetal CMR yielded the same diagnosis as postnatal findings in 79% (54/68) of patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of routine obstetric US for cardiac anomalies was 46% (31/68). The diagnostic sensitivity of fetal echocardiographic examination by a fetal cardiac specialist was 82% (56/68). In 2 (3%) of 68 cases, diagnoses with both echocardiography and CMR were incorrect when compared with postnatal diagnosis. In ten (15%) cases, diagnosis at echocardiography was incorrect and that at CMR was correct. In twelve (18%) cases, diagnosis at echocardiography was correct and that at CMR was incorrect. Ten cases missed or misdiagnosed by echocardiography but correctly diagnosed by fetal CMR included asplenia syndrome (n = 2), interrupted inferior vena cava of polysplenia syndrome (n = 1), tricuspid incompetence (n = 1), double outlet right ventricle (n = 2), double aortic arch (n = 1), right pulmonary artery hypoplasia (n = 1), right-sided aortic arch of tetralogy of Fallot (n = 1) and hypoplastic left heart syndrome of a twin fetus (n = 1).ConclusionFetal CMR is a promising diagnostic tool for assessment of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities, especially in situations that limit echocardiography.

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“…A congenital cardiovascular anomaly is the most common major anomaly at birth and it is associated with a high mortality rate in the first month of life [1]. Prenatal detection of congenital cardiovascular anomalies is considered beneficial for the neonate, allowing for a scheduled delivery and proactive planning of further actions (including interventions and treatment) [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern-based approach to fetal congenital cardiovascular anomalies using the transverse aortic arch view on prenatal cardiac MRI

Dong

Zhu

2014

Pediatr Radiol

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Fetal echocardiography is the imaging modality of choice for prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiovascular anomalies. However, echocardiography has limitations. Fetal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to complement US in detecting congenital cardiovascular anomalies. This article draws on our experience; it describes the transverse aortic arch view on fetal cardiac MRI and important clues on an abnormal transverse view at the level of the aortic arch to the diagnosis of fetal congenital cardiovascular anomalies.

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The developing role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of congenital cardiac anomalies: A systematic review

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

Fetal cardiac cine imaging using highly accelerated dynamic MRI with retrospective motion correction and outlier rejection

Fetal cardiac cine imaging using highly accelerated dynamic MRI with retrospective motion correction and outlier rejection

Preliminary experience with cardiovascular magnetic resonance in evaluation of fetal cardiovascular anomalies

Pattern-based approach to fetal congenital cardiovascular anomalies using the transverse aortic arch view on prenatal cardiac MRI

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