The devastating trio of sarcopenia, frailty, and COVID-19 - A systematic review and meta-analysis

Halaweh, Hadeel; Ghannam, Ibrahim

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.07.015

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…It is known that the consequences of COVID-19 induce various clinical and functional dysfunctions, manifesting in a compromise of both functional capacity and quality of life. (3,8,9) Persistent symptoms, such as fatigue, muscle weakness, sleep disturbances, along with alterations in pulmonary and cardiac function, contribute to an extended impact beyond the active phase of this disease. (31) On the other hand, other negative consequences among those infected by COVID-19 are psychological and social repercussions, present not only in the acute phase, but also in the Long-COVID syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, physical, and psychological outcomes among individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome with different functional status: a cross-sectional study

Gil Panont,

Cordeiro Maluf,

Sepúlveda-Loyola

et al. 2024

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología

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Introduction: Post-COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID is a condition characterized by symptoms that persist after the disease's infection. Objective: To compare clinical, physical, and psychological outcomes among individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome with different levels of functional status after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional and with a quantitative approach with 75 individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome after hospitalization. Individuals underwent assessment of pulmonary function, six-minute walk test (6MWT), 1-minute sit and stand test (STS1), hand grip strength (HGS) and one repetition maximum test (1RM), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Short-Form Healthy Survey (SF-36) and Post-COVID Functional Scale (PCFS). Individuals were separated according to PCFS into two groups: low (LFL) and high (HFL) functional limitation (PCFS 1-2 and PCFS 3-4, respectively). Data regarding anthropometric and clinical characteristics, hospitalization history, and occupational activity were also collected. Results: Individuals post COVID-19 syndrome with HFL presented worse score in the SF-36 in the functional capacity (p=0,01); pain (p=0,01), social aspects (p=0,01) and these individuals had a higher need for ICU admission (p=0,03) and prolonged hospitalization stays (p=0,04) compared to those with LFL. Conclusion: Individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome that reported HFL exhibit poorer quality of life concerning the domains of functional capacity, pain, and social aspects when compared to those with LFL. Additionally, HFL individuals had a higher need for ICU admission and prolonged hospitalization stays.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, physical, and psychological outcomes among individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome with different functional status: a cross-sectional study

Gil Panont,

Cordeiro Maluf,

Sepúlveda-Loyola

et al. 2024

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología

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Optimized nutritional management mitigates short-term muscle mass loss in elderly frail patients with COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly worldwide, highlighting the vulnerability of elderly individuals with frailty as a risk factor for adverse outcomes. Aim This study was designed to investigate whether early and appropriate nutritional intervention can mitigate skeletal muscle mass loss and improve clinical outcomes in frail older adults compared with standard hospital diet. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a general hospital in China from January to March 2023. Eligible patients provided informed consent and were randomly assigned to either the hospital diet group or the optimized diet group. The primary endpoint of the study was ΔSMI (change in skeletal muscle index between day 7 post-feeding and admission). Secondary endpoints included several indicators of body composition such as fat-free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), extracellular water/total body water ratio (ECW/TBW), visceral fat area (VFA), and phase angle. Clinical outcomes were mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and length of hospital stay. Results Fifty-five patients were recruited and analyzed between January and March 2023. Patients in the optimized diet group received a mean of 1.0 (SD 0.06) g/kg per day protein compared with 0.8 (SD 0.07) g/kg per day in the hospital diet group (P = 0.02). The average daily intake over 7 days was 26 (SD 6.1) kcal/kg for the optimized diet group and 21 (SD 7.2) kcal/kg for the hospital diet group(P = 0.0171). Both groups showed a reduction in skeletal muscle index (SMI), with participants receiving the optimized diet intervention showing a comparatively smaller decrease in SMI compared to those on the hospital diet (0.57 [SD 0.08] kg/m2 vs. 0.16 [SD 0.07] kg/m2, P = 0.0003). The other parameters, including fat-free mass, visceral fat area, ECW/TBW ratio, and phase angle, did not show significant differences between the two groups. During hospitalization, two patients in the hospital diet group and one patient in the optimized diet group succumbed to respiratory failure as the direct cause of death. However, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups (P > 0.99). The mean duration of hospital stay for patients in the optimized diet group was 12.3 days, which was significantly shorter compared to the hospital diet group with a mean duration of 14.4 days (P = 0.0211). Conclusions Our study results suggest that early, appropriate, and rational optimization of diet may mitigate short-term muscle mass loss while reducing hospital stay.

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The devastating trio of sarcopenia, frailty, and COVID-19 - A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 74 publications

Clinical, physical, and psychological outcomes among individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome with different functional status: a cross-sectional study

Clinical, physical, and psychological outcomes among individuals with post COVID-19 syndrome with different functional status: a cross-sectional study

Optimized nutritional management mitigates short-term muscle mass loss in elderly frail patients with COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial

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