The determination of cortisol in human plasma: Evaluation and comparison of seven assays

The effects of the CCKB-receptor agonist pentagastrin, a synthetic analogue of the cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4), were studied in seven patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and seven healthy controls. All subjects were challenged with an IV dose of 0.6 micrograms/kg pentagastrin or placebo under double blind placebo controlled conditions, on two separate occasions, with a minimum interval of 1 week. Six (86%) out of seven OCD patients experienced a panic-like reaction after pentagastrin administration, against only two (29%) in the control group. These differences failed to reach statistical significance, probably due to the small sample size. No increases were observed in obsessions or compulsive behaviors as assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Challenge Scale, neither in the pentagastrin, nor in the placebo condition. These findings suggest that pentagastrin has panic-inducing properties in OCD patients, without affecting the core symptoms. The panic-inducing properties of pentagastrin are not specific for panic disorder patients, which might be indicative of a common neurobiological dysfunction in panic disorder and OCD at the level of CCK-B receptors.

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“…Cortisol was assayed by RIA as described by Thijssen et al (1980). Cross-reactivity with 21-deoxycortisol was 62% and with corticosterone 11%.…”

Section: Biochemical Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentagastrin has panic-inducing properties in obsessive compulsive disorder

deLeeuw¹,

DenBoer²,

Slaap³

et al. 1996

Psychopharmacology

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“…Cortisol was assayed by RIA as described by Thijssen et al (1980). Cross-reactivity with 21-deoxycortisol was 62% ans with corticosterone 11%.…”

Section: Drug Preparation Pentagastrin N-t-butyloxycarbonyl-fl-alanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentagastrin induced panic attacks: enhanced sensitivity in panic disorder patients

et al. 1994

Psychopharmacology

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The effects of pentagastrin, a synthetic analogue of the cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK4), were studied in 15 patients with panic disorder and 15 healthy controls. Three different intravenous dosages of pentagastrin (0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 microgram/kg) and saline were investigated. Subjects were randomly allocated to two of the four treatment groups and tested on two separate occasions, 1 week apart, using an unbalanced double-blind incomplete block design. The mean panic rate with pentagastrin was 55% (12/22) for patients and 5% (1/22) for controls. None of the subjects panicked with saline. The frequency of panic attacks between the three pentagastrin doses in patients was not different. One control subject had a panic-like attack at the highest dose of pentagastrin. These findings concur with previous studies on the panicogenic effect of CCK4 and pentagastrin and suggest a greater sensitivity for CCK receptor agonists in patients suffering from panic disorder than in healthy controls.

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“…Cortisol was assayed in the low molecular weight fraction eluted from the sephadex column by radioimmunoassay as described by THIJSSEN et al (1980). The main cross reactions of the antiserum used were 21-deoxycortisol (62o70) and corticosterone (11070).…”

Section: Hormone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of the social correlates of levels of urinary cortisol, prolactin, and testosterone in wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

et al. 1991

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ABSTRACT. Urine samples were collected from individuals in a wild population of Sumatran long-tailed macaques (Macacafascicularis), and the levels of cortisol, immunoreactive prolactin, and (for males) testosterone were determined. The amount of foraging during the 2 hr preceding urine collection were found to affect the levels of urinary cortisol, but not those of the other hormones. Immigration into a new group and having one's infant kidnapped led to increased levels of cortisol. Levels of cortisol and testosterone were correlated both within and between individuals, whereas prolactin varied independently. The effects of age, reproductive status, and social rank on the mean values of individuals were also examined. Lactating females had higher prolactin levels than nonlactating ones; reproductive state interacted with the age effect on prolactin and possibly cortisol. No effects of social status were found in spite of a small, but consistent effect of rank on birth rate in this population. Among males, age and rank are strongly linked. The low ranking old males had increased levels of cortisol, even though the younger high-ranking males were involved in the fiercest conflicts.

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The determination of cortisol in human plasma: Evaluation and comparison of seven assays

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Pentagastrin has panic-inducing properties in obsessive compulsive disorder

Pentagastrin has panic-inducing properties in obsessive compulsive disorder

Pentagastrin induced panic attacks: enhanced sensitivity in panic disorder patients

A pilot study of the social correlates of levels of urinary cortisol, prolactin, and testosterone in wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

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