The determinants of health expenditures in Taiwan: modeling and forecasting using time series analysis

Liu, Chaohsin; Hsu, Shuofen; Huang, Yuke

doi:10.1080/09720510.2010.10701484

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our result is similar to the earlier literature who have argued that prior allocation of health expenditure is treated as an endogenous variable and determines the current allocation of health expenditure [21, 25, 38]. Some of the studies argue that the release funds for the developmental activities are delayed due to persistent rigidities in the institutional setup (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…They argued that institutional restrictions such as a mandatory fiscal referendum, mandatory health insurance, and fiscal rule do not squeeze the share of PHE to GDP in Swiss cantons [50]. In the context of positive relationships between fiscal deficit and PHE, they argued that expenditure on health can be financed through persistently rising government borrowings from the private sector [20, 25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the studies argue that the release funds for the developmental activities are delayed due to persistent rigidities in the institutional setup (i.e. budget-making process) and utilization of funds thereby current allocation of public expenditure is positively influence by previous financial year budget allocation [24, 25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of macro-fiscal determinants on health financing: empirical evidence from low-and middle-income countries

Behera

Dash

2019

glob health res policy

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Background Health financing is a major challenge in low-and middle-income counties (LMICs) for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Past studies have argued that the budgetary allocation on health financing depends on macro-fiscal policies of an economy such as sustained economic growth and higher revenue mobilization. While the global financial crisis of late 2008 observed a shortage of financial resources in richer countries and adversely affected the health sector. Therefore, this study has examined the impact of macro-fiscal policies on health financing by adopting socioeconomic factors in 85 LMICs for the period 2000 to 2013. Methods The study has employed the panel System Generalized Method of Moment model that captures the endogeneity problem in the regression estimation by adopting appropriate instrumental variables. Results The elasticity of public health expenditure (PHE) with respect to macro-fiscal factors varies across LMICs. Tax revenue shows a positive and statistically significant relationship with PHE in full sample, pre-global financial crisis, middle-income, and coefficient value varies from 0.040 to 0.141%. Fiscal deficit and debt services payment shows a negative effect on PHE in full sample, as well as sub-samples and coefficient value, varies from 0.001 to 0.032%. Aging and per capita income show an expected positive relationship with PHE in LIMI countries. Conclusions Favorable macro-fiscal policies would necessarily raise finance for the health sector development but the prioritization of health budget allocation during the crisis period depends on the nature of tax revenue mobilization and demand for health services. Therefore, the generation of health-specific revenues and effective usage of health budget would probably accelerate the progress towards the achievement of UHC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41256-019-0112-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of macro-fiscal determinants on health financing: empirical evidence from low-and middle-income countries

Behera

Dash

2019

glob health res policy

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“…Copayment, referring to the specified amount that the patient has to pay for each healthcare service received, has served as a means by which to limit healthcare utilization under Taiwan's NHI system [6,7]. Previous studies of the relationship between copayment adjustment and healthcare utilization suggest that copayment adjustments have the positive effect of controlling healthcare utilization under Taiwan's NHI system [7,[31][32][33][34]. Nevertheless, Taiwanese population ageing is notoriously fast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Yang, Tsai and Tien investigated the effect of persistent behavior and cost-sharing policy on outpatient care utilization by the elderly in Taiwan, and the results obtained from their dynamic panel count data model indicated that the elderly Taiwanese population is more price-sensitive in the long run than in the short run, and that therefore the effects of copayment intervention on elderly outpatient care utilization would be more effective in the long run than in the short run [31]. Liu, Hsu and Huang adopted a conventional time series model to examine the determinants of health expenditure in Taiwan; their results show that upward adjustments in copayments for healthcare services covered by the NHI in 1999 had a significant impact, in terms of curbing healthcare expenditure [32]. A significantly negative relationship between the 1999 copayment adjustments and outpatient care utilization was also found in Huang and Tung's study [33].…”

Section: Literature Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Structural Transitions and Copayment Policy Effectiveness: Evidence from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance System

Lin

Chen

Shieh

2020

IJERPH

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Background: Population ageing is a worldwide phenomenon that could influence health policy effectiveness. This research explores the impact of age structural transitions on copayment policy responses under Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) system. Methods: The time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model was applied to create two measures of the copayment policy effectiveness, and multiple linear regression models were used to verify the nonlinear effect of age structural transitions on copayment policy responses. Results: Our results show that copayment policy effectiveness (in terms of the negative response of medical center outpatient visits to upward adjustments in copayment) is positively correlated with the proportions of the population in two older age groups (aged 55–64 and ≥ 65) and children (age < 15), but negatively correlated with the proportion of the population that makes up most of the workforce (aged 15‒54). These tendencies of age distribution, which influence the responses of medical center outpatient visits to copayment policy changes, predict that copayment policy may have a greater influence on medical center outpatient utilization in an ageing society. Conclusions: Policymakers should be concerned about the adverse effects of copayment adjustments on the elderly, such as an increasing financial burden and the effect of pricing some elderly patients out of Taiwan’s NHI system.

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Financing Health Systems in Developing Countries: the Role of Government Spending and Taxation

Younsi,

Bechtini

2023

J Knowl Econ

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The determinants of health expenditures in Taiwan: modeling and forecasting using time series analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of macro-fiscal determinants on health financing: empirical evidence from low-and middle-income countries

Impact of macro-fiscal determinants on health financing: empirical evidence from low-and middle-income countries

Age Structural Transitions and Copayment Policy Effectiveness: Evidence from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance System

Financing Health Systems in Developing Countries: the Role of Government Spending and Taxation

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