The detector system for measurement of multiple cosmic muons in the central detector of KASCADE

Bozdog, H.; Elzer, M.; Gils, H.J.; Haungs, A.; Herm, F.; Koepernik, H.; Köhler, K.; Kretschmer, M.; Leibrock, H.; Mathes, H.J.; Pröhl, D.; Rebel, H.; Wentz, J.; Wolf, Alexander; Zagromski, S.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)00673-8

Cited by 27 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Each module is a scintillator plate (NE 114 type) of 0.9025 m 2 and 3 cm thickness, see Fig. 8, divided in 4 parts (0.475 x 0.475 m 2 ) [33,34], readout by two photomultiplier tubes (EMI 9902 type) which receives the signal trough a wave length shifter (NE 174 A type). The modules are arranged one on the top of the other (at 8.5 cm distance), in order to identify the transversing muons as coincidence event.…”

Section: The Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mobile detector for measurements of the atmospheric muon flux in underground sites

Mitrica

Margineanu

Stoica

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Muons comprise an important contribution of the natural radiation dose in air (approx. 30 nSv/h of a total dose rate of 65-130 nSv/h), as well as in underground sites even when the flux and relative contribution are significantly reduced. The flux of the muons observed in underground can be used as an estimator for the depth in mwe (meter water equivalent) of the underground site. The water equivalent depth is an important information to devise physics experiments feasible for a specific site. A mobile detector for performing measurements of the muon's flux was developed in IFIN-HH, Bucharest. Consisting of 2 scintillator plates (approx. 0.9 m 2 ) which measure in coincidence, the detector is installed on a van which facilitates measurements at different locations at surface or underground. The detector was used to determine muon fluxes at different sites in Romania. In particular, data were taken and the values of meter water equivalents were assessed for several locations from the salt mine from Slanic Prahova, Romania. The measurements have been performed in 2 different galleries of the Slanic mine at different depths. In order to test the stability of the method, also measurements of the muon flux at surface at different elevations were performed. The results were compared with predictions of Monte-Carlo simulations using the CORSIKA and MUSIC codes.

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Section: The Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mobile detector for measurements of the atmospheric muon flux in underground sites

Mitrica

Margineanu

Stoica

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…In the basement of the central building, below the iron stack and 77 cm of concrete, two layers of multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPCs) are arranged as a tracking hodoscope, covering an area of 122 m 2 [9]. The MWPCs register muons with an energy threshold E thres µ = 2.4 GeV and provide the observable N ⋆ µ , i.e.…”

Section: The Kascade Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-parametric approach to infer the energy spectrum and the mass composition of cosmic rays

Antoni¹,

Apel²,

Badea³

et al. 2002

Astroparticle Physics

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The experiment KASCADE observes simultaneously the electron-photon, muon, and hadron components of high-energy extensive air showers (EAS). The analysis of EAS observables for an estimate of energy and mass of the primary particle invokes extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the EAS development for preparing reference patterns. The present studies utilize the air shower simulation code CORSIKA with the hadronic interaction models VENUS, QGSJet and Sibyll, including simulations of the detector response and efficiency. By applying non-parametric techniques the measured data have been analyzed in an event-by-event mode and the mass and energy of the EAS inducing particles are reconstructed. Special emphasis is given to methodical limitations and the dependence of the results on the hadronic interaction model used. The results obtained from KASCADE data reproduce the knee in the primary spectrum, but reveal a strong model dependence. Owing to the systematic uncertainties introduced by the hadronic interaction models no strong change of chemical composition can be claimed in the energy range around the knee.

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“…Detailed simulations have been performed to study the response of the surface detector. For our initial deployment the radio antennas have been donated by the CODALEMA/EXTASIS experiment [9], with the scintillators supplied by the KASCADE experiment [10]. To produce air shower simulations with particle and radio data outputs, CORSIKA [11], version 7.7400 (with QGSJETII-04 [12] and URQMD 1.3cr [13,14]), was used in conjunction with CoREAS [15], version 1.4.…”

Section: Ret-cr Surface Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Optimisation for the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays

Allison

Beatty

Besson³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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The SLAC T-576 beam test experiment showed the feasibility of the radar detection technique to probe high-energy particle cascades in dense media. Corresponding particle-level simulations indicate that the radar method has very promising sensitivity to probe the >PeV cosmic neutrino flux. As such, it is crucial to demonstrate the in-situ feasibility of the radar echo method, which is the main goal of the current RET-CR experiment. Although the final goal of the Radar Echo Telescope is to detect cosmic neutrinos, we seek a proof of principle using cosmic-ray air showers penetrating the (high-altitude) Antarctic ice sheet. When an UHECR particle cascade propagates into a high-elevation ice sheet, it produces a dense in-ice cascade of charged particles which can reflect incoming radio waves. Using a surface cosmic-ray detector, the energy and direction of the UHECR can be reconstructed, and as such this constitutes a nearly ideal in-situ test beam to provide the proof of principle for the radar echo technique. RET-CR will consist of a transmitter array, receiver antennas and a surface scintillator plate array. Here we present the simulation efforts for RET-CR performed to optimise the surface array layout and triggering system, which affords an estimate of the expected event rate.

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The detector system for measurement of multiple cosmic muons in the central detector of KASCADE

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

A mobile detector for measurements of the atmospheric muon flux in underground sites

A mobile detector for measurements of the atmospheric muon flux in underground sites

A non-parametric approach to infer the energy spectrum and the mass composition of cosmic rays

Simulation and Optimisation for the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays

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