The Detection of Structural Transformations in Kaolin Suspensions by Ultrasound

Austin, J. Christopher; Challis, R.E.

doi:10.1006/jcis.1999.6488

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The stirrer rotation rate was operated from 500 to 1000 rpm to ensure well-mixed suspension without deposition. It was found that there was no difference in attenuation measurement by operating the stirrer at various speeds, and this was also reported by Austin and Challis (1999 by circulating Freon through a coil installed near the cell bottom. A 1-MHz and 30-cycle tone burst was generated as an ultrasonic signal.…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduressupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Ultrasonic methods penetrate optically opaque mixtures (Bamberger and Greenwood 2004). Spectrometer result errors, caused by particle size (Stakutis et al 1955, Holmes et al 1994, Austin and Challis 1998, Bamberger and Greenwood 2004, temperature (Chanamai et al 1998), and trapped air bubbles (Austin and Challis 1999) may strongly affect ultrasonic signals, but can be overcome by good measuring system design. Urick (1948, reviewed by Allegra andHawley 1971) first considered the sound absorption problem in suspensions of different materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of solid suspension concentration and flow velocity with temperature compensation using a portable ultrasonic device

Huang

Sung

Lai

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Measurement of solid suspension concentration and flow velocity with temperature compensation using a portable ultrasonic device. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (3), 615-626. Abstract Ultrasonic spectroscopy is highly suitable for real-time measurement, in particular for dense particle systems. In the present study, a novel measurement device, namely a portable ultrasonic device (PUD), is designed and manufactured for measuring solid suspension concentration and flow velocity simultaneously with respect to the propagation of ultrasound waves in a solid-liquid mixture at different temperatures. A series of experiments were conducted in the laboratory to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation of kaolin and reservoir sediment solutions within a wide range of concentrations (1000-300 000 mg/L) at various temperatures (15-27• C). The resulting data were regressed to establish linear functions of attenuation and temperature for concentration. The experimental data were compared with theoretical simulated results to show the effect of particle size distribution on concentration measurement. The flow meter part of the PUD was verified by a standard-speed carriage in the towing tank. According to experimental tests by PUD, it was demonstrated that the accuracy for concentration in full scale is ±5%, and the accuracy for flow velocity is ±2%. Compared with sampled data, good agreements were also found by employing the PUD for sediment concentration and flow velocity measurements in turbidity currents during typhoon floods in a reservoir, which demonstrates that the PUD is operable and reliable on site.Key words real-time measurement; sediment concentration; flow meter; ultrasonic Mesures des concentrations de matières en suspension et des vitesses d'écoulement avec compensation de la température utilisant un appareil à ultrasons portatifRésumé La spectroscopie à ultrasons est très appropriée, en particulier pour les systèmes de particules denses, pour la mesure en temps réel. Dans cette étude, un nouveau dispositif de mesure, à savoir un dispositif à ultrasons portatif (DUP), a été conçu et fabriqué pour mesurer la concentration des matières en suspension et simultané-ment la vitesse d'écoulement en utilisant la propagation d'ondes ultrasonores dans un mélange solide-liquide à différentes températures. Une série d'expériences a été menée au laboratoire pour observer l'atténuation des ultrasons par des solutions de kaolin et de sédiments de réservoir sur une large gamme de concentrations (1000-300 000 mg/L) à différentes températures (15-27• C). Par régression sur les données obtenues, des fonctions linéaires de l'atténuation et de la température ont été établies pour fournir la concentration. Les données expérimentales ont été comparées avec les résultats théoriques simulés pour illustrer l'effet de la distribution granulométrique sur la mesure de la concentration. La fonctionnalité débitmètre du DUP a été vérifiée par un chariot étalon de vitesse dans un bassin rectiligne. Selon les essais expérimentaux du DUP, il a été...

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Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduressupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of solid suspension concentration and flow velocity with temperature compensation using a portable ultrasonic device

Huang

Sung

Lai

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to a number of experimental data, the presence of particles in the suspension causes an increase in the absorption coefficient of the ultrasound wave, which is the greater the higher the concentration of the particles [27,35,36]. At a constant volume concentration this increase depends on the size of the magnetic particles, and the larger the particles the greater the absorption [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In this work we have adapted the theory of Harker and Temple [26], that can be used also when the suspensions contain non-spherical aggregations [27]. The model of Harker and Temple considers the bulk hydrodynamic properties of a colloid.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the suspended particles have a broad size distribution so ultrasound attenuation are dependent on particle size distribution function f ðdÞ, and are approximated by [4,27] að$Þ ¼ Fig. 4 presents the spectrum of ultrasound attenuation for ionic magnetic fluid calculated having taken into account the particle size distribution obtained from the atomic force microscopy data.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of low concentrated ionic ferrrofluid stability in magnetic field by ultrasound spectroscopy

Józefczak¹

2009

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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Ultrasonic measurement of suspended sediment concentrations: an experimental validation of the approach using kaolin suspensions and reservoir sediments under variable thermal conditions

Sung

Huang

Lai

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Multiphase suspension systems are used extensively in hydrology, biochemistry, and the food industry. Ultrasonic spectroscopy is a rapid, on-line, non-invasive measurement technique for suspension characterization over different particle sizes and a wide range of concentration. Although the properties of kaolin suspensions have been investigated extensively, kaolin ultrasonic attenuation properties at different temperatures and concentrations have not yet been reported. Through experimental validation in the laboratory, this study provides results from a series of measurements of kaolin ultrasonic attenuation over a wide range of concentrations (0-300 000 ppm) and practical temperatures (5-25°C). The ultrasonic measurement of attenuation of sediment sampled from the Shihmen reservoir in Taiwan is also investigated. Results show that variations in ultrasonic attenuation are driven by concentration and temperature. Two regression functions are established to quantitatively relate attenuation to kaolin concentration and the Shihmen reservoir sample at a given temperature. An ultrasonic system is designed and manufactured for real-time sediment concentration monitoring in the Shihmen reservoir based on these experimental ultrasonic attenuation measurements.

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The Detection of Structural Transformations in Kaolin Suspensions by Ultrasound

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Measurement of solid suspension concentration and flow velocity with temperature compensation using a portable ultrasonic device

Measurement of solid suspension concentration and flow velocity with temperature compensation using a portable ultrasonic device

Study of low concentrated ionic ferrrofluid stability in magnetic field by ultrasound spectroscopy

Ultrasonic measurement of suspended sediment concentrations: an experimental validation of the approach using kaolin suspensions and reservoir sediments under variable thermal conditions

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