The detection of rubella-specific IgM by an immunosorbent assay with solid-phase attachment of red cells (SPARC)

Sexton, S. A.; Hodgson, Julian; Morgan‐Capner, P.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400070315

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Polystyrene beads, 6-4 mm (Northumbria Biologicals, Cramlington, U.K.) were coated with anti-,u (Dako, Copenhagen, Denmark) according to the method of Sexton, Hodgson & Morgan-Capner (1982). Immediately prior to use the beads were washed once in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 3 h in PBS containing 1 % bovine serum albumen.…”

Section: Possible Enterovirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody capture radioimmunoassay (MACRIA) for coxsackievirus B4 and B5-specific IgM

Morgan‐Capner

McSorley

1983

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYAn antibody capture radioimmunoassay was established for the detection of coxsackievirus B4 and B5-specific IgM. A significant feature of the assay was the use of an unrefined coxsackievirus B (CBV) antigen. The antigen was prepared by freeze thawing, ultrasonication and low speed centrifugation of infected Vero cells with no purification or concentration of the antigen being performed. Results of sera tested were expressed as a serum ratio (SR) by comparison with a low positive control serum. To establish an SR indicating positivity in the assays, 100 antenatal sera collected in late February were tested. The mean SR was calculated and the mean plus three standard deviations was taken as the minimum SR indicating positivity. Although resulting in a relatively insensitive assay, such a value was required to exclude sera giving a low level of reactivity which may be due to residual enterovirus-specific IgM resulting from a remote infection.The homologous CBV-IgM assay was positive in four cases of CBV4 infection and six cases of CBV5 infection. For the CBV4 IgM assay, ten of 20 (50 %) sera from infections with CBV other than CBV4 were positive and nine of the 13 (69 %) sera from infections with echoviruses or coxsackieviruses A were positive. Five of 18 (27 %) sera with an elevated CBV neutralization titre were positive in the CBV4-IgM assay. For the CB5-IgM assay seven of 18 (39 %) sera from infections with CBV other than CBV5 were positive and nine of 13 (69 %) sera from infections with echoviruses or coxsackieviruses A were positive. The nine sera that were positive from this group in the CBV5-IgM assay were the same nine as were positive in the CBV4-IgM assay. Two of the 18 (11 %) sera with an elevated CBV neutralization titre were positive in the CBV5-IgM assay. These two sera were also positive in the CBV4-IgM assay and had an elevated monotypic CBV4 neutralization titre. None of the sera giving positive results gave significant reactivity when tested with control antigen. Twelve rheumatoid factor containing sera and 46 sera from other infections were negative in both assays. Of 24 sera from confirmed CBV infection, seven gave a positive monotypic CBV4 or 5-IgM response, ten were positive in both assays and seven were negative in both assays. Thus the CBV4 and 5-IgM assays developed appeared to be specific for an enterovirus infection but because of the cross-reactivity were not type-specific or group-specific.

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Section: Possible Enterovirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody capture radioimmunoassay (MACRIA) for coxsackievirus B4 and B5-specific IgM

Morgan‐Capner

McSorley

1983

J. Hyg.

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Application of solid phase aggregation of coated erythrocytes technique for detection of rinderpest antigen

Bansal

Sharma

Joshi

et al. 1987

Journal of Virological Methods

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Human Anti-Animal Antibody Interferences in Immunological Assays

1999

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Purpose: The scope and significance of human anti-animal antibody interference in immunological assays is reviewed with an emphasis on human anti-animal immunoglobulins, particularly human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMAs). Issues: Anti-animal antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE class, anti-isotype, and anti-idiotype specificity) arise as a result of iatrogenic and noniatrogenic causes and include human anti-mouse, -rabbit, -goat, -sheep, -cow, -pig, -rat, and -horse antibodies and antibodies with mixed specificity. Circulating antibodies can reach gram per liter concentrations and may persist for years. Prevalence estimates for anti-animal antibodies in the general population vary widely and range from <1% to 80%. Human anti-animal antibodies cause interferences in immunological assays. The most common human anti-animal antibody interferent is HAMA, which causes both positive and negative interferences in two-site mouse monoclonal antibody-based assays. Strategies to prevent the development of human anti-animal antibody responses include immunosuppressant therapy and the use of humanized, polyethylene glycolylated, or Fab fragments of antibody agents. Sample pretreatment or assay redesign can eliminate immunoassay interferences caused by anti-animal antibodies. Enzyme immunoassays, immunoradiometric assays, immunofluorescence, and HPLC assays have been designed to detect HAMA and other anti-animal antibodies, but intermethod comparability is complicated by differences in assay specificity and lack of standardization. Conclusions: Human anti-animal antibodies often go unnoticed, to the detriment of patient care. A heightened awareness on the part of laboratory staff and clinicians of the problems caused by this type of interference in routine immunoassay tests is desirable. Efforts should be directed at improving methods for identifying and eliminating this type of analytical interference.

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The detection of rubella-specific IgM by an immunosorbent assay with solid-phase attachment of red cells (SPARC)

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Antibody capture radioimmunoassay (MACRIA) for coxsackievirus B4 and B5-specific IgM

Antibody capture radioimmunoassay (MACRIA) for coxsackievirus B4 and B5-specific IgM

Application of solid phase aggregation of coated erythrocytes technique for detection of rinderpest antigen

Human Anti-Animal Antibody Interferences in Immunological Assays

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