The Detection of Industrial Explosives by the Quadrupole Resonance Method: Some Aspects of the Detection of Ammonium Nitrate and Trinitrotoluene

Мозжухин, Г. В.; Molchanov, Sergey V.; Kupriyanova, G. S.; Bodnya, A. V.; Fedotov, Vladimir V.; Guoxin, Hao; Yanbo, Jin; Tianliang, Ren; Zhang, Guojin

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3062-7_14

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although NQR as confirmation system is an important contribution to the demining problem, having significant advantages over prodding and work in the area is the result of significant efforts, it does not mean that NQR cannot be thought as a detection system, especially for AN, since the NQR signal for this compound last longer than TNT signal when multipulse sequences are used and the excitation frequency is not inside the AM radio band [55].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some parameters of frequencies ν + and ν -of nitrate ion, which are of most interest for being the higher ones, are presented in Table 2 [54]. According to [55], NQR for AN detection is very convenient when multipulse excitation sequences are applied because T 2e is pretty long (longer than for TNT) and this way, signal intensity of AN at 424 kHz is two times stronger than that of TNT at 842 kHz. In NQR literature there are few studies around AN detection and any of them is related to the landmine detection problem.…”

Section: Ammonium Nitrate (An)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear quadrupole resonance for explosive detection

Cardona

Jiménez

Vanegas

2015

Ingeniare. Rev. chil. ing.

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Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is a spectroscopic technique that can detect explosives of high chemical specificity and therefore it is very suitable for the landmine detection problem. There are several factors affecting the relation of noise signal ratio with NQR: molecular dynamics of relaxation, interference signals, thermal noise, explosive amount, distance, temperature and the design of the detecting system. Literature has searched ways for solving one or more of these factors, but since not all the work has been focused on landmine detection, many have only been tested in simulation or with data obtained under controlled laboratory conditions, where the detection is not remote (there is no separation between the sample and the detection system). This paper makes a review of the state of art in NQR, analyzing its relevance to the landmine detection problem and concluding about unsolved problems that could be the focus of future research.Keywords: Nuclear quadrupole resonance, landmine detection, explosive detection, landmine, demining. RESUMEN

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ammonium Nitrate (An)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear quadrupole resonance for explosive detection

Cardona

Jiménez

Vanegas

2015

Ingeniare. Rev. chil. ing.

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“…32 The sample's ω y frequency, in Earth's field, had a linewidth of 53 ± 20 Hz, and a temperature coefficient of approximately 105 Hz/K, in agreement with other measurements. 33,34 Control of the temperature was essential to minimize drifting off resonance due to rf heating of the sample and thermal heating of the probe. Using a temperature controlled airflow the sample temperature was maintained at 6.6 ± 0.5 • C.…”

Section: A Probementioning

confidence: 99%

Rabi and Larmor nuclear quadrupole double resonance of spin-1 nuclei

Prescott

Malone

Douglass

et al. 2012

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We demonstrate the creation of two novel double-resonance conditions between spin-1 and spin-1/2 nuclei in a crystalline solid. Using a magnetic field oscillating at the spin-1/2 Larmor frequency, the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequency is matched to the Rabi or Rabi plus Larmor frequency, as opposed to the Larmor frequency as is conventionally done. We derive expressions for the cross-polarization rate for all three conditions in terms of the relevant secular dipolar Hamiltonian, and demonstrate with these expressions how to measure the strength of the heterogenous dipolar coupling using only low magnetic fields. In addition, the combination of different resonance conditions permits the measurement of the spin-1/2 angular momentum vector using spin-1 NQR, opening up an alternate modality for the monitoring of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. We use ammonium nitrate to explore these resonance conditions, and furthermore use the oscillating field to increase the signal-to-noise ratio per time by a factor of 3.5 for NQR detection of this substance.

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Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy

Monea

Bizon

2021

Signals and Communication Technology

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The Detection of Industrial Explosives by the Quadrupole Resonance Method: Some Aspects of the Detection of Ammonium Nitrate and Trinitrotoluene

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Nuclear quadrupole resonance for explosive detection

Nuclear quadrupole resonance for explosive detection

Rabi and Larmor nuclear quadrupole double resonance of spin-1 nuclei

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy

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