The Destruction of Oxalates by the Rumen Contents of Cows

Morris, M. P.; García-Rivera, J.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(55)95091-8

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…After ruminants have been adapted to diets that contain gradually increased concentrations of oxalate, they are able to tolerate amounts of dietary oxalate that would be toxic to nonadapted animals [1]. This adaptation to oxalate is the result of an increase in the rate of oxalate degradation by ruminal microbes [2][3][4]. This and other information [5,6] suggested that anaerobic bacteria are responsible for the degradation of oxalate in the 0168-6496/89/$03.50 © 1989 Federation of European Microbiological Societies rumen and that ruminant adaptation to oxalate involves substrate-based selection leading to increased concentrations of oxalate-degrading anaerobes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of anaerobic oxalate-degrading bacteria in the ruminal contents of sheep

Daniel¹,

Cook²,

Hartman³

et al. 1989

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Concentrations of oxalate‐degrading anaerobes in ruminal contents of sheep were determined from counts of colonies producing clear zones on a calcium oxalate medium (D agar with 7 mM CaCl2). Viable counts of oxalate degraders from a 55‐kg sheep fed a diet containing 32% halogeton (4.6% oxalate) averaged 2.6 × 106/ g (dry weight). When the halogeton concentration in the diet was reduced to 16%, counts of oxalate degraders decreased nearly 300‐fold. Oxalate‐degrading isolates from this sheep were similar to OxB, the type strain of Oxalobacter formigenes. When a 45‐kg sheep was fed diets containing 2.2, 1.5, and 0.8% oxalate, viable counts of oxalate degraders (enumerated on D agar with 14 mM CaCl2 and 20% filter‐sterilized ruminal fluid) represented 0.85, 0.52, and 0.06% of the total viable population, respectively; total viable counts were essentially unchanges by these concentrations of dietary oxalate. Similar percentages of oxalate degraders were also observed when a 23‐kg sheep was fed diets containing 1.5 or 0.8% oxalate. This report presents the first direct measurements of the concentrations of oxalate‐degrading bacteria in the rumen and supports the concept that the availability of oxalate in the diet influences the proportion of oxalate‐degrading bacteria in the rumen

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of anaerobic oxalate-degrading bacteria in the ruminal contents of sheep

Daniel¹,

Cook²,

Hartman³

et al. 1989

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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show abstract

“…However, recent studies indicate that some ruminants and rodents are able to tolerate a considerable amount of soluble oxalates and to absorb calcium from insoluble calcium oxalate. These animals appear to degrade oxalate in the intestine by microbial action (MORRIS and GARCIA-RIVERA, 1955;DODSON, 1959;SHIRLEY and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, 1967). Little is known about the mechanism of absorption of oxalic acid in the intestine.…”

Section: Intestinal Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxalic acid metabolism in man: A review

Hodgkinson

Zarembski

1968

Calc. Tis Res.

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“…Oxalotrophic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals were reported first by Barner and Gallimore [67]. Oxalate degradation by microbes is recognized as an important means to regulate oxalate absorption [68,69]. In ruminants, increased dietary oxalate induces the selection of oxalatedegrading bacteria and makes it possible for the host to tolerate quantities of oxalate that would otherwise be toxic or even lethal [70].…”

Section: Should a Low Oxalate Diet Be Recommended For All Calcium Oxamentioning

confidence: 99%