The design of international trade agreements: Introducing a new dataset

Dür, Andreas; Baccini, Leonardo; Elsig, Manfred

doi:10.1007/s11558-013-9179-8

Cited by 531 publications

(416 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…• FTA_depth ijt is an integer-valued variable for depth of non-EU FTAs based on data from Dür, Baccini & Elsig (2014) • α ij are dyadic fixed effects representing time-invariant country-pair characteristics such as geographical distance and cultural distance (e.g. colonial history, common language).…”

Section: The Effect Of Eu Membership and Ftas On Inward Fdimentioning

confidence: 99%

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After Brexit: Alternate forms of Brexit and their implications for the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States

Ries¹,

Hafner²,

Smith³

et al. 2017

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For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2200Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., and Cambridge, UK © Copyright 2017 RAND CorporationR® is a registered trademark.RAND Europe is a not-for-profit research organisation that helps to improve policy and decision making through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution RightsThis document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. Support RANDMake a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org www.randeurope.org i In a referendum on 23 June 2016, the British public voted to begin a process of withdrawing from the European Union. Since World War II, no developed country has decided to leave such a major international institution without a military defeat or political revolution. The Brexit negotiations are therefore likely to bring great uncertainty to both the UK and the EU.This study examines the processes and issues involved in the Brexit negotiations, and explores the implications of possible outcomes for the UK, the European Union and the United States. It draws upon formal negotiating positions and mandates adopted, but with the expectation that a wider array of concerns will come into play as the process develops. The study uses game theory insights to explore and create a better understanding of how a wide variety of factors might affect the outcome of the negotiations. The use of modelling and game theory modes of analysis illuminates the broader issues at play, at some remove from the day-to-day drama of the UK's negotiations with the European Union.We also model the potential economic implications of various options for a post-Brexit relationship between the UK and EU. Specifically, the study examines the economic effect of five 'hard Brexit' options: an arrangement in which UK trade is governed by WTO rules, including the application of most-favoured-nation tariffs; the successful negotiation of a UK-EU free trade agreement (FTA); the creation of a UK-EU-US FTA based on the proposed Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership; the creation of a US-UK FTA excluding the EU; and an extended transition period during which EU and UK tariffs do not change but other non-tariff barriers to trade come into effect. In addition, we examine three 'soft Brexit' scenarios: the Norwegian model (membership of the European Economic Area), the Swiss model (a series of bilateral agree...

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Section: The Effect Of Eu Membership and Ftas On Inward Fdimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measure of depth represents an additive index combining seven key provisions that can be included in PTAs (see Dür, Baccini & Elsig 2014). The first provision captures whether the agreement foresees that all tariffs (with limited exceptions) should be reduced to zero.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

After Brexit: Alternate forms of Brexit and their implications for the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States

Ries¹,

Hafner²,

Smith³

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A key contribution in this regard is the Design of Trade Agreements (DESTA) database collecting PTA design data over time (Dür et al 2014). Benefiting from the dataset, Baccini et al (2015) argue and empirically show that in designing new PTAs, countries tend to imitate existing PTAs: they can choose among one of three PTA templates, namely a narrow and shallow agreement, an EU-type agreement, or a NAFTA-type agreement.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As part of a larger project, we have systematically documented the design of LPs in PTAs (LABPTA database; Raess and Sari 2017). The database contains 483 PTAs coming from the DESTA database (Dür et al 2014), the most comprehensive in terms of the number of such agreements covered. Our coding table consists of 140 items and distinguishes between six overarching categories, namely preambular provisions on aspirational labor commitments, substantive commitments on LPs, obligations in relation to LPs, enforceability of the substantive LPs, cooperation over labor issues, and the institutions set-up to implement the labor-related commitments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting labor rights in preferential trade agreements: The role of trade unions, left governments, and skilled labor

2018

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This paper investigates variation in the design of labor provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) by focusing on the power of trade unions, the role of government partisanship, and the relative strength of skilled labor. We expect strong trade unions and leftleaning governments to be associated with more, and more far-reaching labor provisions in PTAs. We also expect the strength of skilled workers relative to the strength of unskilled workers to negatively correlate with the depth of labor provisions in PTAs. In addition, the effect of trade unions should be conditional on both the presence of left government and democracy. We test these hypotheses relying on an original dataset of labor provisions included in 483 PTAs signed between 1990 and 2016. This dataset covers 140 different labor provisions that relate to six overarching dimensions. The quantitative analysis finds Rev Int Organ (2018) 13:143-162 https://doi

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“…The exact coverage of products and issue areas within PTAs varies from case to case. 4 Beyond market-access issues, these treaties increasingly prescribe state behavior in behind-the-border regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support for international trade law: The US and the EU compared

Eckhardt¹,

Elsig²

2015

IJCLAW

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In this article we compare US and EU support for bilateral and multilateral international trade law. We assess the support for international law of both trading blocs by focusing on the following four dimensions: leadership, consent, compliance and internalization. Although we find strong support for international trade law from both the US and the EU in general, we also witness some variation, most notably in relation to the design of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and compliance with World Trade Organization (WTO) law. Turning to explaining these (moderate) differences, we argue that outcomes in US trade policy can best be explained by a domestic political factor, namely the direct influence of interest groups. Although the involvement of societal interests also goes a long way in explaining EU behavior, it does not tell the entire story. We posit that, in EU trade policy, institutions are a particular conditioning factor that needs to be stressed. Moreover, we suggest that foreign policy considerations in managing trade relations have characterized EU’s support for international trade law.

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The design of international trade agreements: Introducing a new dataset

Cited by 531 publications

References 49 publications

After Brexit: Alternate forms of Brexit and their implications for the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States

After Brexit: Alternate forms of Brexit and their implications for the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States

Protecting labor rights in preferential trade agreements: The role of trade unions, left governments, and skilled labor

Support for international trade law: The US and the EU compared

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