The Design of a Reconfigurable Slot Antenna Printed on Glass for Wearable Applications

Abstract

A novel pattern and polarization reconfigurable wearable slot antenna suitable for smart glasses is proposed. The antenna is designed and fabricated on glass and reconfiguration is realized using four PIN diodes. It operates in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical Band. It consists of an equilateral L-shaped slot fed by a single coplanar waveguide feed. The slot is manipulated with switches to generate two modes of operation. Each mode corresponds to one of the two states of the switches which result in different L-shaped slots with unequal legs creating patterns that are polarized in perpendicular to each other. The antenna has been shown to perform well near the human body using numerical and physical phantoms. The correlation between the two modes is calculated to be less than 0.04 with 41% and 56% on-body efficiency for each mode. The Specific Absorption Rate is shown to be well below the limit specified in the European Standards through simulations.INDEX TERMS Antenna radiation pattern, glass, slot antenna, wireless body sensor network.

A mode‐combination‐based polarization‐reconfigurable antenna

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] A recent reported scheme is to use an electronically reconfigurable polarizer integrated with a linearly polarized (LP) antenna, which has an advantage of complete isolation of the DC bias from the RF signal and a gain improvement. [24][25][26] Recently, a dual-polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with a polarization converter based on graphene is presented, where the dualpolarization is realized by changing the conductivity of graphene through bias voltage. 27 The polarization mismatch caused by the environmental changes may degrade the power efficiency and the communication link capacity for a device-to-device communication system.…”

Review on Medical Implantable Antenna Technology and Imminent Research Challenges

“…The uplink connects the implant antenna to the external device while the external device communicates with the implant antenna via downlink [ 8 ]. Radio wave propagation through the heterogeneous lossy tissue inside the human body causes absorption of most of the antenna radiation [ 9 ]. Consequently, the inhomogeneous organ structure leads to impedance mismatch, which makes the radiation characteristic inefficient.…”

Polarization-Reconfigurable Antenna Using Combination of Circular Polarized Modes

“…An antenna can be switched between various polarization states by using reconfigurable feeding network to feed different parts of the antenna [6]- [15]. Meanwhile, electrical control components can also be directly used to introduce perturbation segments on the radiating part of the antenna, thus leading to different polarization states [16]- [24]. Recently, a new scheme was proposed by using an electronically reconfigurable polarizer integrated with a linearly polarized (LP) antenna [25], [26], which has an advantage of complete isolation of the DC bias from the RF signal and a gain improvement.…”