The design and use of a hydraulic potentiomanometer for direct measurement of differences in hydraulic head between groundwater and surface water

Winter, Thomas C.; LaBaugh, James W.; Rosenberry, Donald O.

doi:10.4319/lo.1988.33.5.1209

Cited by 130 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Water was collected from wells on a monthly basis from June to October 1991 and once in April 1992. Samples of groundwater at the lakeshore in three areas of seepage to the lake were collected with a portable well [Winter et al, 1988] in August 1991.…”

Section: Chemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of groundwater flux on the basis of information from a network of wells and estimates of hydraulic conductivity, herein referred to as the flow net approach, is beyond the resources or scope of many lake studies. Instead, alternative methods of determining seepage to and from lakes are used, such as measurement by seepage meters [Lee, 1977;McBride and Pfankuch, 1975], portable well points [Lee and Cherry, 1978;Winter et al, 1988], or chemical tracers [Lee et al, 1980;Frape and Patterson, 1981]. The net contribution of groundwater to lakes commonly has been estimated as the difference between measured gains and losses of water from streamflow, precipitation, and evaporation [Likens, 1985;Staubitz and Zariello, 1989].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

LaBaugh¹,

Winter²,

Rosenberry³

et al. 1997

Water Resources Research

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Abstract. Chemical mass balances for sodium, magnesium, chloride, dissolved organic carbon, and oxygen 18 were used to estimate groundwater seepage to and from Williams Lake, Minnesota, over a 15-month period, from April 1991 through June 1992. Groundwater seepage to the lake and seepage from the lake to groundwater were determined independently using a flow net approach using data from water table wells installed as part of the study. Hydrogeological analysis indicated groundwater seepage to the lake accounted for 74% of annual water input to the lake; the remainder came from atmospheric precipitation, as determined from a gage in the watershed and from nearby National Weather Service gages. Seepage from the lake accounted for 69% of annual water losses from the lake; the remainder was removed by evaporation, as determined by the energy budget method. Calculated annual water loss exceeded calculated annual water gain, and this imbalance was double the value of the independently measured decrease in lake volume. Seepage to the lake determined from oxygen 18 was larger (79% of annual water input) than that determined from the flow net approach and made the difference between calculated annual water gain and loss consistent with the independently measured decrease in lake volume. Although the net difference between volume of seepage to the lake and volume of seepage from the lake was 1% of average lake volume, movement of water into and out of the lake 'by seepage represented an annual exchange of groundwater with the lake equal to 26-27% of lake volume. Estimates of seepage to the lake from sodium, magnesium, chloride, and dissolved organic carbon did not agree with the values determined from flow net approach or oxygen 18. These results indicated the importance of using a combination of hydrogeological and chemical approaches to define volume of seepage to and from Williams Lake and identify uncertainties in chemical fluxes. Investigations of lakes that have included detailed hydrolog-2799

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Section: Chemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

LaBaugh¹,

Winter²,

Rosenberry³

et al. 1997

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To locate downwelling and upwelling zones, Vertical Hydraulic Gradient (VHG; Lee & Cherry 1978) was measured in mini-piezometers (1 m long and 1.7 cm diameter) at 10 cm deep inside sediments, due to technical limit (Boulton 1993). VHG was calculated using water levels inside (interstitial water) and outside (surface water) the mini-piezometers and ex- pressed in percent of the sampling depth (Winter et al 1988, Hendricks & White 1991. The first five centimetres of sediments were then sampled using a Plexiglas core (30 cm long and 4 cm diameter).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen dynamics in rural streams : differences between geomorphologic units

Lefebvre

Marmonier

Peiry

2006

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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Nitrogen dynamics were investigated in the top centimeters of bottom sediment in three different geomorphologic units (riffles, sand bars, pools) and along two contrasted reaches (nitrogen-rich, nitrogen-poor) of a rural stream. Some predictions of links between geomorphology and processes were verified: (i) hydrological exchanges and nitrification were lower in pools than in riffles and bars, whereas (ii) ammonification and denitrification were higher in pools. Studies of denitrification potential in six other reaches of three N-rich streams support these conclusions and demonstrate that pools are spots of high microbial activity in streams.

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“…Continuous monitoring of river water level at alarming points could provide with valuable information that can be utilized to warn authorities and inhabitants well ahead in time. A review on conventional river water level measuring showed that river level monitoring by constructing piezometer on the location under investigation is somewhat costly and requires human presence for data collection (Winter, LaBaugh, & Rosenberry, 1988). Therefore, information cannot be gathered ahead in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Monitoring of River Level with Real Time Event Prediction

Chowdhury¹,

Rahaman²,

Chowdhury³

2014

CIS

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Observation of water level at various river sites could provide valuable insight about probable disaster in advance to initiate disaster management protocol as early as possible. We have developed an autonomous remote river water level monitoring network with event prediction algorithm at the server while maintaining a substantially low manufacturing cost. The WSN is comprised of several chosen sites based on their statistics with intelligent sensors for water level measurement. The sensors are autonomous in nature to account for any disturbance in node environment and also within the network. The real time data are transmitted to a remote server through GPRS for further processing. Server extracts information and simulates various real time parameters such as water level rise rate, time remaining to exceed the critical level for a particular site etc. A prediction algorithm running on the server side predicts the measured level values for each node over a period of time. A prototype system is implemented with six nodes at different points and has yielded satisfactory results.

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The design and use of a hydraulic potentiomanometer for direct measurement of differences in hydraulic head between groundwater and surface water

Cited by 130 publications

References 4 publications

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

Nitrogen dynamics in rural streams : differences between geomorphologic units

Autonomous Monitoring of River Level with Real Time Event Prediction

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