The design and use of instruments for counting local lightning flashes

Horner, F.

doi:10.1049/pi-b-2.1960.0123

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…However, by suitable statistical treatment of large amounts of data, Horner (1960) establisKzl an effective range by comparisons between counter records and observations by visual and aural techniques.…”

Section: Range Deteqtion By Flash Countersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Lightning Warning Systems: A Survey.

Parker¹,

Kasemir²

1980

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Section: Range Deteqtion By Flash Countersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Lightning Warning Systems: A Survey.

Parker¹,

Kasemir²

1980

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“…A related problem in error determination arises in the measurement of the lightning density (flashes per square kilometer) by lightning flash counters [81], [83]. That is, one records the discharges within a defined radius from the instrument.…”

Section: F Single-station Range Detection By Flash Countersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Warning Systems for Natural and Aircraft-Initiated Lightning

Parker

Kasemir²

1982

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Possible airborne warning systems other than radar for avoidance of thunderstorms and lightning strikes to aircraft can include one or more of the various types of instruments surveyed here. One class of warning system considered is concerned with lightning Manuscript received January 11, 1982. L. W. Parker is with Lee W. Parker, Inc., 252 Lexington Road, Concord, MA 01742. (617) 369-5370. H. W. Kasemir is with Colorado Scientific Research Corp., 1604 S. County Road 15, Route 1, Berthoud, CO 80513.strikes initiated ("triggered") by the aircraft itself when in high-field environments within electrified but "nonthundery" clouds. Since data show high correlations between strikes to aircraft and high-field environments, warnings can be provided by various types of field detectors considered. The other class of warning system is concerned with distant thunderstorm warnings provided by the many different types of RF sferics detectors considered, and by optical detectors. The sferics detectors sense electromagnetic fields radiated by lightning and by prelightning discharges. They include crossed-loop, multipleloop, time-of-arrival, interferometer, pulse-height, spectral-amplitude, and E-and H-amplitude systems. 0018-9375/82/0500-0137$00.75 Direction-rinding errors are discussed in detail, especially site errors (generally unrecognized) of crossed loops mounted on aircraft. Theoretical assessments of the latter are made using analytical models as well as a 3-dimensional computer model to simulate aircraft structures.

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“…Many methods have been suggested to obtain at least a rough estimate of the effective range [3] viz., (i) recording the positions of all flashes in the area around the counter by visual observations and direction finding equipment, and determining the range within which this number is equal to the number counted, (ii) studying correlation between the counts on a network of counters, or (iii) observing a few seletced storms at known distances. But there seems to be no simple method of estimating the effective range of a counter.…”

Section: The Effective Range Of the Countermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hornet [3] has suggested that this seems to be due to corona discharge associated with thunder-clouds passing overhead. However, more observations have to be made before one can stipulate the nature of their origin.…”

Section: Thunderstorm Observations At Poonamentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the electrical activity of thunderstorms with lightning flash-counters

Srivastava

Srinivasan

Joseph

1973

Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl. A.

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SummaryThe results of thunderstorm observations made with local lightning flash counters at Poona during 1967--1969 are presented. A positive correlation between the average total count when the count exceeds 20 per hour on a 5V/m counter, and the number of days per month when thunder is heard has been established. The diurnal and seasonal variations in thunderstorm actNity are described. It is seen that although a single isolated storm can vitiate the normal pattern of thunderstorm activity in a month or season, a long term statistical average can be taken with a greater degree of confidence as a better index of electrical activity than the current aural method of observation of thunderstorms. Zusammenfassung Untersuchung der elektrischen Aktivit~it yon Gewittern mit BlitzzfihlernErgebnisse yon in der Zeit yon 1967--1969 in Poona mit 6rtlichen Blitzziihlern durchgefiihrten Gewitterbeobachtungen werden vorgelegt. Wenn je Stunde mehr als zwanzig Impulse auf einem 5 V/m-Z~ihler registriert werden, kann eine positive Korrelation zwischen der durchschnittlichen Gesamtimpulszahl und der Anzahl der Tage, an denen Donner geh6rt wurde, festgestellt werden. Es wird gezeigt, dat~, obwohl ein einzelnes isoliertes Gewitter das normale Bild der Gewittert~itigkeit in einem Monat oder in einer Jahreszeit verfalschen kann, ein langfristiger statistischer Durchschnitt mit gr6t~erer Zuverl~issigkeit als besserer Index fiir elektrische Aktivifiit genommen werden kann als die gegenw{irtige ,,akustische" Methode der Gewitterbeobachtung. * Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Hans Israel. 298 G.P. Srivastav~ et aI.

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The design and use of instruments for counting local lightning flashes

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Airborne Lightning Warning Systems: A Survey.

Airborne Lightning Warning Systems: A Survey.

Airborne Warning Systems for Natural and Aircraft-Initiated Lightning

Studies of the electrical activity of thunderstorms with lightning flash-counters

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