The design and optimisation of a monoblock divertor target for DEMO using thermal break interlayer

Small-angle neutron scattering from CuCrZr coupons and components

“…For the high-heat-flux-exposed samples, there does not appear to be a distinct trend between the top or front (exposed to the high heat flux) and the bottom or back (not facing the particle beam). This is in line with the expectation from finite element analysis modelling, showing that the temperature at the top of the pipe remains below 633 K even when loaded to 20 MW m À2 , while the bottom of the pipe remains at the coolant temperature of 403 K (Domptail et al, 2020). At this temperature, no changes to the precipitates are anticipated (Kalinin et al, 2007).…”

Ultrasonic test results before and after high heat flux testing on W-monoblock mock-ups of EU-DEMO vertical target

“…Two alternative designs for the interlayer passed to phase2: functionally graded material (FGM) and thermal break (TB). For more details on the design and manufacturing processes of the mock-ups produced in the phase 2 can be found in [7] and [8] for the FGM concept and, in [9] and [10] for TB concept.…”

High-heat-flux technologies for the European demo divertor targets: State-of-the-art and a review of the latest testing campaign

“…1 shows the characteristic design features of the DEMO divertor target concepts. For the details of design rationales [16,17], design studies [18][19][20][21] and technology progress [22][23][24][25] achieved in the second R&D phase, readers are referred to the given references. For the sake of completeness, the underlying design logics of the selected target design concepts are briefly described again in what follows.…”

“… FGM interlayer: 20µm (PVD) vs. 500µm (cold-spray) [24]  Thermal break: spoke vs. circular bore [20]  Composite pipe: 150µm wire vs. 50µm wire [25] For FGM, cold spray method was used for fabrication of the thick coating because the deposition rate of PVD (magnetron sputtering) is too low to be practicable for producing a thick coating. For the thermal break, the spoke type geometry was replaced by circular bores to avoid rupture of the thin spokes due to plastic strain concentration.…”