The Design and Operation of Systems for Inhalation Exposure of Animals

Drew, Robert T.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69521-6_1

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Stress has, until recently, been a major limiting factor in determining the duration of head/nose only exposure studies (4). The need to restrain animals in tubes has been assumed to produce an undesirable level of stress when prolonged exposure is required.…”

Section: Inhalation Toxicology Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design and construction of inhalation chambers have been extensively reviewed (3)(4)(5)10,11 The concentration profile in a dynamic inhalation system rises rapidly, then asymptotically approaches a theoretical equilibrium value (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Inhalation Toxicology Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhalation toxicology technology has experienced continuous development in the types of materials and designs used in constructing inhalation chambers. Excellent reviews of inhalation technology have been provided by Campbell (2), Phalen (3), Drew (4), and MacFarland (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of Inhalation Toxicology

Dorato¹

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The development of inhalation toxicology as a distinct discipline can be traced back well over one hundred years. The technology has advanced in terms of materials and designs used to construct inhalation chambers and the equipment used to generate controlled test atmospheres ofa wide variety of gases, vapors, dusts, and droplets. Consideration of metered dose inhalers, a relatively recent concern, has led to the design of new equipment for administering this unique dosage form. The parameters used to evaluate inhalation toxicity are similar to those used for any other route of administration. In addition, there are some unique procedures for early screening of pulmonary toxicity, especially within a series of related chemicals.

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Section: Inhalation Toxicology Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inhalation Toxicology Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of Inhalation Toxicology

Dorato¹

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Ces machines sont nombreuses [47] et se distin guent par le nombre d'animaux qui peuvent être trai tés, par le fait de travailler en dépression ou en pres sion positive [18], par leur capacité à délivrer des volumes variables de la bouffée et de sa dilution et par leur capacité à maîtriser les temps opératoires, l'hu midité et la température de la bouffée. Il existe un ef fort de standardisation [48] portant sur le volume de la bouffée : 35 ml, sa durée : 2 s et la longueur du mégot : 23 mm.…”

Section: Machines à Fumerunclassified

Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Massé

1990

Respiration

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Although they have been described in several species, lung cancers are rare cancers, occurring in old age. For this reason, experimental lung carcinogenesis is practically limited to short-living rodents, rats being the most frequently used; other species have not been shown to provide improved models for extrapolation to man although they may be useful for specific toxicokinetics of some xenobiotics. The aim of experimental lung carcinogenesis is to detect putative airborne carcinogens which may cause cancer in man. Compared to man, for similar cumulated exposure, there is a general trend for a given ultimate carcinogen to result in a high rate of tumor induction in rodents; this is due to deposition and clearance patterns, together with the distal location of tumors. A weak response in rats exposed to tobacco smoke only can be easily explained by basic toxicokinetics; rats exhibit a strong response to the promoting effect of tobacco smoke. In vitro transformation of animal and human lung cells is expected to be a key issue for the purpose of interspecies extrapolation

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of inhalation toxicology.

Dorato

1990

Environ Health Perspect

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The development of inhalation toxicology as a distinct discipline can be traced back well over one hundred years. The technology has advanced in terms of materials and designs used to construct inhalation chambers and the equipment used to generate controlled test atmospheres of a wide variety of gases, vapors, dusts, and droplets. Consideration of metered dose inhalers, a relatively recent concern, has led to the design of new equipment for administering this unique dosage form. The parameters used to evaluate inhalation toxicity are similar to those used for any other route of administration. In addition, there are some unique procedures for early screening of pulmonary toxicity, especially within a series of related chemicals.

show abstract

The Design and Operation of Systems for Inhalation Exposure of Animals

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Overview of Inhalation Toxicology

Overview of Inhalation Toxicology

Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Overview of inhalation toxicology.

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