The Design and <i>q</i> Resolution of the Small and Wide Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument (TAIKAN) in J-PARC

Takata, Shigeo; Suzuki, Jun–ichi; Shinohara, T.; Oku, Takayuki; Tominaga, Taiki; Ohishi, Kazuki; Iwase, Hiroki; Nakatani, Takeshi; Inamura, Yasuhiro; Ito, Takayoshi; Suzuya, Kentaro; Aizawa, Katsuo; Arai, M.; Otomo, Toshiya; Sugiyama, Masaaki

doi:10.7566/jpscp.8.036020

Cited by 66 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Recently, very specialized SANS diffractometers became operational to serve with optimized characteristics for a specific range of applications, such as for investigations at very small scattering vectors 22,23 . With the very recent commission of the specialized TOF-SANS diffractometers at steady-state reactors 24 or spallation sources 25,26 , a massively-increased dynamic Q range in a given experimental setup and increased flexibility and optimization regarding the choice of the experimental resolution are offered. For the KWS-2 SANS diffractometer, a high level of versatility and performance required for very specific structural studies in the field of soft matter and biophysics is enabled on an otherwise classical SANS instrument.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Rădulescu¹,

Szekély²,

Appavou³

et al. 2016

JoVE

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The KWS-2 SANS diffractometer is dedicated to the investigation of soft matter and biophysical systems covering a wide length scale, from nm to µm. The instrument is optimized for the exploration of the wide momentum transfer Q range between 1x10 -4 and 0.5 Å -1 by combining classical pinhole, focusing (with lenses), and time-of-flight (with chopper) methods, while simultaneously providing high-neutron intensities with an adjustable resolution. Because of its ability to adjust the intensity and the resolution within wide limits during the experiment, combined with the possibility to equip specific sample environments and ancillary devices, the KWS-2 shows a high versatility in addressing the broad range of structural and morphological studies in the field. Equilibrium structures can be studied in static measurements, while dynamic and kinetic processes can be investigated over time scales between minutes to tens of milliseconds with time-resolved approaches. Typical systems that are investigated with the KWS-2 cover the range from complex, hierarchical systems that exhibit multiple structural levels (e.g., gels, networks, or macro-aggregates) to small and poorly-scattering systems (e.g., single polymers or proteins in solution). The recent upgrade of the detection system, which enables the detection of count rates in the MHz range, opens new opportunities to study even very small biological morphologies in buffer solution with weak scattering signals close to the buffer scattering level at high Q.In this paper, we provide a protocol to investigate samples with characteristic size levels spanning a wide length scale and exhibiting ordering in the mesoscale structure using KWS-2. We present in detail how to use the multiple working modes that are offered by the instrument and the level of performance that is achieved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Rădulescu¹,

Szekély²,

Appavou³

et al. 2016

JoVE

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“…At both SANS instruments the raw data was treated by standard corrections and reduction procedure [27,29] and then calibrated in absolute units by using a Plexiglas (at KWS-2) or a glassy-carbon (at TAIKAN) secondary standard. The corrected and calibrated 2D data were integrated into one-dimensional intensity over equatorial or meridian sectors of a 20° width.…”

Section: Mlzmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multilevel Structure of Sulfonated Syndiotactic-Polystyrene Model Polyelectrolyte Membranes Resolved by Extended Q-range Contrast Variation SANS

Schiavone

Iwase

Takata

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Membranes based on sulfonated synditoactic polystyrene were thoroughly characterized by contrast variation SANS over a wide Q-range in dry and hydrated states. The film samples were prepared by solid-state sulfonation that allowed a uniform sulfonation of only the amorphous phase while preserving the crystallinity of the membrane. The samples were loaded with different guest molecules in either the amorphous (fullerenes) or the crystalline (toluene) regions, in order to vary the neutron contrast or to reproduce the conditions enabling an increased resistance of the membranes to chemical decomposition. The use of uni-axially deformed film samples and contrast variation with different H2O/D2O mixtures allowed for the identification and characterization of different structural levels with sizes between nm and μm, which form and evolve in the membrane morphology in dry and hydrated states and produce scattering features on different detection sectors and at different detection distances after the sample, depending on their size and orientation.

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“…The neutron diffraction data of d-C16mimPF 6 , d-C9.5mimPF 6 , and d-C8mimPF 6 were collected using BL15 Small and Wide Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument TAIKAN 81 at the Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF), Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). TAIKAN is a time-of-flight (TOF) instrument using pulsed neutrons with a wide wavelength range (0.5 Å-8 Å), providing high quality of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and neutron diffraction (ND) data in a wide Q range (5 × 10 −3 Å −1 -17 Å −1 ).…”

Section: B Wide Q-range Neutron Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron scattering studies on short- and long-range layer structures and related dynamics in imidazolium-based ionic liquids

Nemoto

Kofu

Nagao

et al. 2018

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Alkyl-methyl-imidazolium ionic liquids CnmimX (n: alkyl-carbon number, X: anion) have short-range layer structures consisting of ionic and neutral (alkylchain) domains. To investigate the temperature dependences of the interlayer, interionic group, and inter-alkylchain correlations, we have measured the neutron diffraction (ND) of C16mimPF, C9.5mimPF, and C8mimPF in the temperature region from 4 K to 470 K. The quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) of C16mimPF was also measured to study the dynamics of each correlation. C16mimPF shows a first-order transition between the liquid (L) and liquid crystalline (LC) phases at T = 394 K. C8mimPF exhibits a glass transition at T = 200 K. C9.5mimPF, which is a 1:3 mixture between C8mimPF and C10mimPF, has both transitions at T = 225 K and T = 203 K. In the ND experiments, all samples exhibit three peaks corresponding to the correlations mentioned above. The widths of the interlayer peak at ca. 0.2 Å changed drastically at the L-LC transitions, while the interionic peaks at ca. 1 Å exhibited a small jump at T. The peak position and area of the three peaks did not change much at the transition. The structural changes were minimal at T. The QENS experiments demonstrated that the relaxation time of the interlayer motion increased tenfold at T, while those of other motions were monotonous in the whole temperature region. The structural and dynamical changes mentioned above are characteristic of the L-LC transition in imidazolium-based ionic liquids.

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The Design and q Resolution of the Small and Wide Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument (TAIKAN) in J-PARC

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

The Multilevel Structure of Sulfonated Syndiotactic-Polystyrene Model Polyelectrolyte Membranes Resolved by Extended Q-range Contrast Variation SANS

Neutron scattering studies on short- and long-range layer structures and related dynamics in imidazolium-based ionic liquids

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