The design and applications of a demountable 4π Geiger-Müller counter

Burton, L. K.; Trott, N. G.

doi:10.1016/0020-708x(60)90155-1

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…0 3. ISTERCOMPARISON OF MEASC-RE~IENTS Measurements were made on solutions of the following radio nuclides: 32P, 24Na, *04Tl and 1311, using the 477 scintillation counter and also 4n Geiger counters (Burton and Trott 1960). For 24Ka, 32P and l3II the stock solutions were routine st'andards issued by the Yational Physical Laboratory.…”

Section: Plastic Scintillatcr Sandwchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Absolute Measurement of $\beta$-Radioactivity by 4$\pi$ Counting Using Plastic Scintillators

Radoszewski¹,

Trott²

1962

Phys. Med. Biol.

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SEVERAL types of 4n p-scintillation counter have been reported. Belcher (1953) introduced a technique of 47 liquid scintillation counting, using a source mounted on a thin film suspended in a liquid luminophor. Smith, Seliger and Steyn (1956) and also Mann and Seliger (1956) have described a 4n p-scintillation counter using two anthracene crystals viewed by two photomultipliers, working either in addition or in coincidence. For experiments reported here a simplified 4n scint'illation system has been developed in which two thin plastic scintillators, enclosing the source, are viewed by a single cooled photomultiplier.

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Section: Plastic Scintillatcr Sandwchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Absolute Measurement of $\beta$-Radioactivity by 4$\pi$ Counting Using Plastic Scintillators

Radoszewski¹,

Trott²

1962

Phys. Med. Biol.

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A table of exposure rate constants [Γδ]

Guiho¹,

Hillion²

1974

The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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Liquid Scintillation Counting of Doubly-Labeled Samples. Choice of Counting Conditions for Best Precision in Two-Channel Counting.

Bush¹

1964

Anal. Chem.

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4 (since efficiencies are considered errorless), 4% lower at the tritium minimum and 1% lower at the carbon-14 minimum. Since the complete and simplified equations give curves so much alike in shape, it is often satisfactory to use the simplified equations, at least as a preliminary means of determining settings. If sample rates are large compared to background, and the background error contribution is minimized by a long counting time, Equations 27 and 28 can be further simplified by commission of the terms involving background. It then is a very simple matter to calculate relative error curves for different instrument settings.Ratios of Isotopes to Each Other. Equations 19 and 20 have been evaluated for many combinations of Cu/H3 ratios, ratios of Cu to background and sets of counting efficiencies. For a given C14/background ratio, the C14 error decreases as C14/H3 increases.The tritium error increases as C14/H3 increases. At some point the two errors are equal. This point occurs within the Cl4/H3 range 0.1 to 0.5 for a wide variety of conditions. As the C14/B ratio increases past 10, the errors decrease only very slightly within the C,4/H3 range 0.1 to 0.5.

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The design and applications of a demountable 4π Geiger-Müller counter

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

The Absolute Measurement of $\beta$-Radioactivity by 4$\pi$ Counting Using Plastic Scintillators

The Absolute Measurement of $\beta$-Radioactivity by 4$\pi$ Counting Using Plastic Scintillators

A table of exposure rate constants [Γδ]

Liquid Scintillation Counting of Doubly-Labeled Samples. Choice of Counting Conditions for Best Precision in Two-Channel Counting.

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